A phenolic rich fraction purified from Simarouba glauca leaves was effective in alpha glucosidase inhibition. The purified fraction named ‘fraction-14’ had shown significant inhibition of yeast alpha glucosidase enzyme activity (IC 50 = 2.4 ± 0.4 μg/mL) when compared to anti-diabetic drug acarbose (IC 50 = 2450 ± 24 μg/mL). The purified fraction also had reasonable DPPH (IC 50 = 14.4 ± 0.1 μg/mL) and ABTS (IC 50 = 7.6 ± 0.5 μg/mL) free radical scavenging activity when compared to the standard ascorbic acid. The LC-MS analysis of bioactive ‘fraction-14’ revealed four compounds, eclalbasaponin-v ( 1 ), cyanidin-3-O-(2′galloyl)-galactoside ( 2 ), kaempferol-3-O-glucoside ( 3 ) and kaempferol-3-O-pentoside ( 4 ) for the first time in S. glauca in this study. The kinetic study of the ‘fraction-14’ indicates a mixed type of inhibition on the alpha glucosidase enzyme with K i , 6.2 μg/mL. Docking studies showed promising binding energy for the compounds 2 (-7.769 kJ/mol), 3 (-7.04 kJ/mol) and 4 (-7.127 kJ/mol) against yeast alpha glucosidase which was better than acarbose (-6.867 kJ/mol). In conclusion, the phenolic rich fraction from S. glauca possessing good in-vitro antioxidant property and alpha glucosidase enzyme inhibition potential along with mixed inhibition kinetics. Also, better binding energy of compounds ( 1, 2 & 3 ) appears to contain potential lead-molecule for antidiabetic therapy.

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