<p>The IRIS/PASSCAL Instrument Center is installing 5 seismic stations around the summit of Mt. Erebus, Antarctica. IRIS is funded by the National Science Foundation to install and maintain these stations long-term, a task undertaken by the Polar team at PASSCAL. The purpose of the network is to provide a baseline measurement of volcanic events and act as a fiducial array for future experiments. Each station’s instrument package comprises a data logger recording a broadband and strong-motion seismometer, and a separate data logger recording an infrasound sensor. Station state of health and near real-time data are transmitted via Iridium modems.</p><p>The Mt. Erebus network is installed between 2000 m and 3400 m elevation spaced around the volcano summit. This is a particularly harsh environment for operating autonomous seismic stations with extreme low temperatures and high winds. Station power systems need to have enough capacity to winter-over for roughly 6-months without recharge. Station enclosures need to provide sufficient insulation to keep the data logger within its temperature operating range.</p><p>To design these stations for long term, 365/24/7 operation, we leveraged proven station enclosure and power system designs developed over the last 12 years of PASSCAL engineering seismic systems for Antarctica. The Mt. Erebus station design is modular and standardized, separating the bulk of the power storage and electronics' enclosures, allowing for streamlined upgrades or additions without having to overhaul the entire station. Power for the system will rely on lead acid batteries and solar charging; forgoing higher efficiency primary lithium thionyl chloride batteries used elsewhere in Antarctica, to reduce long-term station costs.</p><p>Station health will be monitored at IRIS/PASSCAL and low sample rate (20 sps) broadband data will be captured in near-real time. Higher sample rate data are recorded locally and collected annually during the austral summer. All data will be available from the IRIS Data Management Center.</p>

A new community pool of seismic instrumentation will facilitate and advance geologic and cryospheric research in Earth’s ice-covered environments.

No abstract

<p>Mt Erebus, the world’s southernmost active volcano, is only 30 miles from McMurdo Station (US) and Scott Base (NZ). Scientific instruments deployed on the volcano need to survive a range of environmental factors including high winds, extreme cold, lava bombs, and months of total darkness. Additionally, the reduced air pressure at high elevations affects the lift of the helicopters and the physiology of the engineers during installation.</p> <p>We present a novel design for a network of environmentally hardened seismic stations intended specifically for the constraints of this polar volcano. The purpose of the network is to provide a baseline measurement of volcanic events and act as a fiducial array for future experiments. Stations are designed to function continuously over both summer and winter for years at a time. The station’s instrument package comprises a data logger recording broadband seismic and infrasound data, and a second data logger recording strong-motion seismic data.  The station design is modular and can be scaled for various experiment requirements and easily adapted for different instrument packages.</p> <p>Station state-of-health will be monitored at the EarthScope Primary Instrument Center (EPIC, formerly IRIS PASSCAL) and low sample rate (20 sps) broadband data are transmitted by Iridium modems and captured in near-real time. Higher sample rate (100-200 sps) data are recorded locally and collected annually during the austral summer. All data will be available from the EarthScope Data Management Center (network codes 1G, 8E, and 2H).</p> <p>A prototype was installed near McMurdo station in 2021/22 season and evaluated over the Antarctic winter. Based on this prototype, four stations recording data from nine instruments were installed around Mt Erebus in the 2022/23 season. An additional three stations of an older design that are recording data from five instruments were installed in previous seasons as part of an interim network. These stations will be upgraded to the new design in upcoming seasons.</p> <p>Our talk will center on the following three components:</p> <p>1) the electrical and mechanical design of this new station, including power electronics, satellite telemetry, insulation, and rigging;</p> <p>2) the logistics of Antarctic volcanology, including site selection, geographical constraints, and US Antarctic Program helicopter operations;</p> <p>3) recent results and future plans for maintaining and upgrading seismic networks on Mt. Erebus.</p>