Research on high performance electrode materials is significant for further development of sodium ion batteries (NIBs). The Sb2O4 anode can be employed as a promising anode material for NIBs owing to its high theoretical capacity of 1227 mAh·g–1. In this paper, we report the Sb2O4@rGO nanocomposite anode for NIBs which exhibit good cyclability and rate capability due to the formation of wrinkled rGO nanosheets during cycling. Well-formed nanowrinkles act as a template for anchoring Sb2O4 particles during cycling and effectively alleviate the strain due to the volume expansion. The improved electrochemical performance is attributed to the shorter Na+ ion diffusion path length from the small nanoparticles and good electrons as well as ion transport from the intimate contact between the active Sb2O4 particles and rGO matrix. At a current density of 0.1 A·g–1, it retains the 94.2% (890 mAh·g–1) of initial reversible capacity after 100 cycles. Over prolonged cycling (after 500 cycles), the Sb2O4@rGO electrode still delivers a reversible capacity of 626 mAh·g–1 at a current density of 0.6 A·g–1. These significant results offer hope for the exploration of making high capacity anodes combined with a reduced graphene oxide matrix to alleviate the strain during cycling.

Sodium ion based energy storage system is a rising alternative for imminent energy need. Especially sodium ion hybrid supercapacitors have attracted much attention because they store energy through battery-type anode and offer power by capacitor-type cathode. Accomplishing high energy and power densities in a single device is of significant interest, which can probably be done merely by making hybrid devices. Herein we have synthesized biomass (goat hair) derived activated carbon cathode with a high surface area of 2042 m2g–1 and MoO2@rGO composite anode materials. Goat hair, keratin rich biomass, has a great impact economically, and over 40 million tons per year is produced. Besides, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been used to facilitate the chemical stability, mechanical strength, and feasible pathway for electrochemical reactions of MoO2. Each electrode individually (half-cell) and combinedly (full-cell) showed good electrochemical performance which is almost equal to previously reported sodium ion based hybrid supercapacitors. This combination of supercapacitor can travel over the existing energy storage system to the next level.

A MoS2 nanoflower@rGO composite has been prepared using a simple and scalable hydrothermal method followed by an ultra sonication process.

Tin oxide (SnO2) and nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) composite nanotubes (SnO2/N-GQD NTs) were fabricated by the electrospinning technique and followed by the thermal annealing method for the application in supercapacitor as an electrode. SnO2/N-GQD NTs with different ratio of N-GQDs were prepared by adding different ratios of N-GQDs along with tin chloride during the electrospinning process. The prepared composite's structure and morphological properties were characterized by using different techniques like XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, and XPS. The supercapacitor performance of the SnO2/N-GQD NTs composite was analyzed by the electrochemical studies such as cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) measurement in 2 M KOH solution as electrolyte. The electrochemical analyses of SnO2/N-GQD NTs was tested at different scan rates and current densities. SnO2/N-GQD NTs prepared using 3 wt.% of N-GQDs showed an excellent capacity retention even after 5000 GCD cycles and exhibited a maximum specific capacitance of 420 mF g-1 at a current density of 8 mA cm-2 in comparison to pure SnO2 NTs (230 mF cm-2).

Plant Pathogens are the significant impact in terms of quantity, quality of food and food born infections such as Escherichia coli, Norovirus, the Hepatitis A virus, Salmonella Typhi etc. To prevent food born infections, an early bacterial or viral detection and elimination is substantial. The current techniques which can diagnose plant pathogens are polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and several types of Nucleic acid-based technologies have been developed which takes around 1 to 3 hours to complete the test with limits to use as cost effective, slow process, low sensitivity, and selectivity diagnostic method. This proposal reiterates an optimal high throughput molecular diagnostic technology using Patent approved Nano biosensor based on highly selective DNA/RNA for the early identification of viral plant-pathogen in minimal processing time of 15 minutes and are more accurate in identifying pathogens with high sensitivity and selectivity.