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The optimal number of doctors and appointment interval for an outpatient appointment system in a class of individual block/fixed interval are determined using an adaptive-penalty Genetic Algorithm. The length of service time for doctor consultation, the time required for the laboratory tests, and the time deviating from the appointment time are modelled by random variables. No-show patients are also included in the system. Using the adaptive penalty scheme, optimization constraints are automatically and numerically handled. The solution methodology is readily applicable to other appointment systems. The study has a significant implication from the viewpoint of economic and risk management of health care service.

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