Patients with Cri Du Chat syndrome have clinical characteristics that are very important for their anesthetic management, being the responsibility of the anesthesiologist to consider carefully the structural particularities of each patient.

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Declaração de Conflito de Interesses: Não há conflito de interesses na elaboração deste artigo RESUMOPacientes vivendo com HIV/AIDS estão em risco nutricional aumentado em alguma fase da doença, o que exige cuidados por parte de uma equipe multidisciplinar. Nutrição e infecção pelo HIV são dois pilares que possuem uma interação complexa, dependente e cíclica, em que a desnutrição diretamente afeta a imunidade celular e esta, quando reduzida por resultado da infecção, pode levar à desnutrição. A perda de peso é considerada um fator preditivo independente na mortalidade de indivíduos infectados. Para os pacientes que observaram perda de peso, deve-se ter como meta a restauração do peso com uma abordagem multidisciplinar, garantindo nutrição adequada, exercícios e, se necessário, introdução de fármacos. Este artigo de revisão tem por objetivo explicar a relação do vírus HIV com o estado nutricional do paciente, incluindo a avaliação de micro e macronutrientes, e discutir as alternativas de tratamento para a perda de peso comumente vista na história da doença. ABSTRACTPatients living with HIV/AIDS are at increased nutritional risk at some stage of the disease, and require care from a multidisciplinary team. Nutrition and HIV infection are two pillars having a dependent and cyclic interaction, wherein malnutrition directly affects cellular immunity and, when this is reduced by a result of infection, can lead to malnutrition. Weight loss is considered an independent predictor of mortality in infected individuals. For patients with observed weight loss, you should aim to restore it with a multidisciplinary approach, ensuring proper nutrition, exercise and, if necessary, introduction of drugs. This review article aims to explain the relationship of the HIV virus with the nutritional status of the patient, including assessment of micro and macronutrients, and also to discuss treatment options for weight loss commonly seen in the history of the disease.A infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) é uma doença crônica e que exige do indivíduo infectado adaptações em várias esferas da vida: pessoal e de relacionamentos, laboral, nutricional, psicológica, dentre outras.O último boletim epidemiológico publicado em 2014 pelo Departamento de DST, AIDS e hepatites virais do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil estima apro-

Background and objectives: Cri Du Chat syndrome is a chromosomal disorder with peculiar clinical characteristics including airways abnormalities that require special care by anesthesiologists when handling those patients. Objective: To present a case of outpatient anesthesia in a patient with Cri Du Chat syndrome and discuss the anesthetic aspects related to this disorder. Case report: Male patient, 14 years old, 25 kg, with Cri Du Chat syndrome, physical status ASA P2, was admitted for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and esophageal dilation. The patient had mental retardation, a few episodes of seizures, and marked hypertonia of the limbs. Airways exam showed limited cervical mobility and thyromental distance less than six centimeters. The patient was unable to comprehend verbal commands, making it difficult to undertake a complete assessment of the airways. Other findings on physical exam included microcephaly, micrognathism, subtle strabismus, limb hypertonia with flexion, and protrusion of the tip of the tongue. Intravenous fentanyl 50 µg, midazolam 1 mg, and propofol 60 mg were administered. The patient was maintained on spontaneous ventilation. The procedure lasted 5 minutes, without intercurrences. Conclusions: Patients with Cri Du Chat syndrome have clinical characteristics that are very important for their anesthetic management, being the responsibility of the anesthesiologist to consider carefully the structural particularities of each patient.