This study shows the central position held by Ayi Kwei Aramh’s The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born in the African literary world. It tries to prove that the publishing of this work was a landmark in the early post-colonial context of African literature. Through a series of breaks from still prevailing colonial and neocolonial literary discourses, it has initiated an innovative aesthetics which has left a tremendous legacy which is being continued by subsequent generations.

If Chinua Achebe has sometimes been presented as "the father of modern African literature" it is because by many of the characteristics of his personality and artistic practices, he embodies most of the traits of the postcolonial African writer. He sums up the tensions, contradictions and paradoxes that most African intellectuals and artists have been through with their dual educational identities in their artistic and intellectual developments. The objective of this paper is to show that Chinua Achebe, not only by his positions on social and political issues in his country but also in his fiction works, has embodied in his lifestyle and narrated in his artistic works, the tensions and paradoxes that have been synthetized by theoreticians of postcolonial studies as the traits of the postcolonial situation.

Osiris Rising is a seminal work that addresses the topical issue of the contribution of the African diaspora to the rebirth of the continent. This reconnection is far from being a naive and illusory dream as it is motivated by practical projects sustained by a sound political vision. The unity of all the afro descendants and their brothers of the continent is at the same time a psychological healing from the centuries-long trauma self-hatred, and denigration. It further advoates a political revolution in a continent whose main problem is division.

Illness is no new subject in the history of african literature. It has fecunded the narratives of many generations. As a true metaphor of the state of the culture and society presented in the narrative, illness has become the symptom of a society that is sick of the corruption of its own cultural norms and values. In such a context, illness is metaphorized as an outlet for the patients to express their rejection of the prevailing social norms. Healing will consist in becoming aware of such a state of affairs and finding by oneself the ressources of one’s healing process with the help of the eponymous healers. Frantz fanon’s psychological findings of the link between society’s malfunctionning and its consequences on the individual’s mental state will be used to conduct that study. These theories will reveal the underlying social determinants of health condition.