Splint therapy is an effective form of treatment for the pain of many types of temporomandibular disorders and bruxism. There are many unanswered questions as to how splints work. This article is a review of the literature which focuses on an effective splint design for the different degrees of temporomandibular problems.

Introduction: Dental caries is one of the most common oral health conditions affecting 60-90% of the population. The progression of dental caries results in tooth loss if not treated properly. Tooth loss will presumably cause functional impairment which might ultimately affect the quality of life. Removable partial denture is one of the most widely accepted means of tooth replacement. It had been noticed that removable partial dentures increased the likelihood of new or recurrent caries on remaining adjacent natural teeth. Diabetes mellitus is the most routinely encountered disease among various systemic diseases. Studies revealed that dental caries has been more prevalent and even severe in diabetic patients than nondiabetics. Aim: To assess the effect of Acrylic Removable Partial Dentures (RPD) and diabetes in prevalence of dental caries. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in JSSDCH, JSSAHER, Mysuru, Karnataka in the year July 2017. The duration of conducting literature search was from July 2017 to Dec 2019. Individuals participating in the study should be partially edentulous and aged between 18-64 years either diabetic or nondiabetic. 69 articles were identified from searching electronic data base (Pubmed, Cochrane, Google scholar) and manual searching from July 2017 to December 2019. 19 articles were excluded following an initial screening. 50 articles were included for the further review. Scientific evidence supporting the hypothesis of the study 10 articles where five articles were review and five articles were original research. The main outcome of intervention involved both methodology and assessment tools applied by investigator to assess the effect of RPD and diabetes in terms of prevalence of dental caries. Results: Studies had shown that RPD wearers shows high caries prevalence as compared to nonwearers, Diabetic patients reported high caries prevalence compared to nondiabetic patients. This literature review states that RPD and Diabetes had an impact on prevalence of dental caries. Conclusion: The conclusion from this present review would indicates that good metabolic control in diabetic patients, periodic monitoring of the removable partial denture, oral hygiene, good RPD design framework, following post-insertion instruction of the RPD, following regular recall visits contributes towards prevention of plaque favouring inhibition of caries prevalence among diabetic and nondiabetic patients wearing RPD.

Purpose: Xerostomia is a serious concern with many ramifications observed in the oral cavity. Dentists can recognize the features of xerostomia early and relieve the discomfort of the patient. The relationship between xerostomia and its risk factors has been established but the risk factors have been considered independently or with no distinction among the causative components of xerostomia. Studies relating to xerostomia and edentulism with relation to risk factors and symptoms are not very many. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in partially and completely edentulous patients. Questionnaires were completed by 234 participants. The questionnaire recorded the socio-demographic information, medical history, oral hygiene habits, and symptoms of xerostomia. Clinical examination was done to record the missing teeth. All the data were collated into an excel sheet and statistically analyzed. Results: The mean age of the participants was 54.6 years. Of the 234 participants, 68 (29.05%) had xerostomia. The older age group (>50 years) showed a higher prevalence of xerostomia than the younger age group (<50 years), past smokers complained more of xerostomia than the current smokers and as the number of medications increased xerostomia increased, but none of them were statistically significant. Conclusion: The prevalence of xerostomia in partially and completely edentulous patients was 29.05%. None of the variables of risk factors were associated with xerostomia. Dry lips and dry throat were strongly associated with xerostomia.

The prevalence of malnutrition increases with age because of many factors. Presence of edentulous jaws leads to avoidance of many types of food. Shifts in food selection patterns result from impairments in masticatory ability. In most of the instances, prosthodontic treatment alone, such as complete dentures, implant overdentures, or other prosthetic treatment for elderly patients in the absence of proper dietary instructions, is inadequate to attain a significant progress in nutritional levels. Thus, to achieve a successful therapy, most researchers imply on giving a dietary instruction as a part of treatment procedure. An attempt has been made to review the dietary requirements for geriatric denture wearers which would benefit them from untoward consequences of malnutrition.