Background: Dental caries is the most prevalent dental disease affecting human race. The etiology and pathogenesis of dental caries are known to be multifactorial. Studies have shown that removable partial dentures in the oral cavity increases the biofilm formation and consequently an increase in the occurrence of caries and periodontal diseases. There is a complex relationship between diabetes mellitus and dental caries. Patients with diabetes are more susceptible to oral sensory, periodontal, and salivary disorders which could increase the risk of developing new and recurrent dental caries. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of dental caries among diabetic and non-diabetic acrylic removable partial denture wearers. Materials and Methods: Individuals participating in the study were partially edentulous and aged between 18 and 64 years. Patients were screened at Out patient department (OPD) in the Department of Prosthodontics JSSDCH, among which 60 patients were diabetic based on the random blood sugar level more than 160 mg/dl—30 patients were wearing RPD and 30 were without RPD. And 60 non-diabetic patients were selected among which 30 were wearing RPD and 30 without RPD. A total 120 patients were screened. Dental caries prevalence was assessed using Decayed, Missing, Filled (DMFT) index. Results: Diabetic group unrehabilitated with removable partial prosthesis showed significant difference in the number of missing teeth when compared to non-diabetic patients without removable prosthesis ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Removable partial denture prosthesis had less impact on prevalence of dental caries with good oral hygiene, following post insertion RPD instructions and regular dental visits irrespective of diabetes.

Objectives: To evaluate the accuracy between two different electronic apex locators in detecting the root canal perforation in the middle and apical portion during retreatment. Methods: Sixty freshly extracted mandibular premolars were taken in to this study, which were divided into three groups of twenty each. Group I: Control Group, Group II: Positive control without perforation, Group III: Negative control with perforation. In all the groups, access cavity preparation was done followed by cleaning and shaping using X smart Endomotor and Protaper Gold file system (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland). The specimens were prepared such that perforation was made in group III on the mesial side of the root at middle portion approximately 5mm from the apex after determining working length by direct visualization and stored for the database. All the specimens were obturated by using AH plus sealer and F3 Protaper gold gutta percha points and later stored in incubator at temperature of 37°C for 7days. After 7 days, gutta percha was removed from group III samples using gutta percha solvent (Xylene), Neo-Endo retreatment files. These teeth were mounted on Protrain Endodontic training kit (Simit Dental,Italy) and perforation were detected using apex locators Dentaport Root ZX (J,Morita) and Propex Pixi (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland). The apical perforation were made at a distance 2mm from apex after the middle perforation were restored by using Type II GIC by keeping the 35 K file inside the canal and apical perforations were detected and the reading were recorded and stored for the database. Statistical Analysis: The data obtained were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), Paired t test through SPSS for window (version 22.0). Findings: In case of middle third perforation of the root canal Dentaport Root ZX showed accuracy of 87.

Objective: This review was undertaken to determine whether diabetes and it's associated factors has an impact on prevalence of dental caries. Methods: The review considered the articles included in Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane, Google scholar & Web of Science from 2011 to 2022 that focused on diabetes and dental caries. Articles covered in editorials and abstracts were excluded. The articles were searched using the keywords: diabetes, dental caries & oral hygiene. The data required for the review was extracted from section such as result, discussion and conclusion. Findings: The review states that good metabolic control & oral hygiene in diabetic patients plays a vital role in prevalence of dental caries. Other factors such as physical disabilities, inactivity, low socioeconomic status, lack of oral health education, stress, psychological problems also contributes to the quality of oral health. Novelty: This review evaluates the association of other additional contributing factors such as stress, obesity, physical disabilities, psychological problems affecting the oral health. This review discussed more about additional contributing factors. Conclusion:The review gives the advance outcome of present diabetic patients' condition. Apart from good metabolic control and good oral hygiene, stress, depression, psychological problems commonly found in diabetic patients affects the oral health.

Introduction: Dental caries is one of the most common oral health conditions affecting 60-90% of the population. The progression of dental caries results in tooth loss if not treated properly. Tooth loss will presumably cause functional impairment which might ultimately affect the quality of life. Removable partial denture is one of the most widely accepted means of tooth replacement. It had been noticed that removable partial dentures increased the likelihood of new or recurrent caries on remaining adjacent natural teeth. Diabetes mellitus is the most routinely encountered disease among various systemic diseases. Studies revealed that dental caries has been more prevalent and even severe in diabetic patients than nondiabetics. Aim: To assess the effect of Acrylic Removable Partial Dentures (RPD) and diabetes in prevalence of dental caries. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in JSSDCH, JSSAHER, Mysuru, Karnataka in the year July 2017. The duration of conducting literature search was from July 2017 to Dec 2019. Individuals participating in the study should be partially edentulous and aged between 18-64 years either diabetic or nondiabetic. 69 articles were identified from searching electronic data base (Pubmed, Cochrane, Google scholar) and manual searching from July 2017 to December 2019. 19 articles were excluded following an initial screening. 50 articles were included for the further review. Scientific evidence supporting the hypothesis of the study 10 articles where five articles were review and five articles were original research. The main outcome of intervention involved both methodology and assessment tools applied by investigator to assess the effect of RPD and diabetes in terms of prevalence of dental caries. Results: Studies had shown that RPD wearers shows high caries prevalence as compared to nonwearers, Diabetic patients reported high caries prevalence compared to nondiabetic patients. This literature review states that RPD and Diabetes had an impact on prevalence of dental caries. Conclusion: The conclusion from this present review would indicates that good metabolic control in diabetic patients, periodic monitoring of the removable partial denture, oral hygiene, good RPD design framework, following post-insertion instruction of the RPD, following regular recall visits contributes towards prevention of plaque favouring inhibition of caries prevalence among diabetic and nondiabetic patients wearing RPD.

Background: One of the most important goal of non surgical endodontic retreatment is the successful removal of gutta percha and sealers from the root canal system. A variety of techniques have been recommended for retreatment procedures for the removal of gutta-percha and sealers with or without the help of adjunctive chemical solvents, by using stainless steel hand files or nickel-titanium rotary files, gate glidden burs, heated instruments, ultrasonic instruments, and lasers 1,3. The current advancements in the design of NiTi instruments have proved efficacious in the removal of filling materials from the root canal wall and various studies have also confirmed their cleaning ability and efficacy 4,5. Nevertheless, the use of rotary instrumentation can lead to the formation of dentinal cracks in the root canal dentin. Many researchers have reported the incidence of crack formation and propagation after the procedure with manual, rotary and reciprocating instruments. The behavior of rotary instruments in the generation of defects have been the point of greatest interest during many years 6. These dentinal cracks can be defined as defects with a complete crack line extending from inner root canal space up to the outer surface of the root when the tensile stress in the root canal wall exceeds the tensile stress of dentin 7. Aim: This study was conducted to investigate and to compare the amount of dentinal microcracks formation with various new instrumentation methods and conventional hand filing method. It also looks into amount of gutta-percha removed after retreatment from the canal and the time required for all the instrumentation technique. Methodology: Sixty extracted human maxillary first molars with curved roots were mounted on addition silicone impression material incorporated in an aluminium hollow block, then instrumented using step-back preparation with 35 size K files. Obturation was done using gutta-percha with AH plus sealer. These were stored for 14 days and divided into three groups Mani GPR, Endostar Re Endo and H file and were subjected to retreatment procedures. Retreatment was considered complete when no filling material was observed on the canal wall and the canal was smooth and free of visible debris. The samples were examined under scanning electron microscope and the number of cracks were calculated. The percentage of root canal filling material and time taken was recorded. Statistical Analysis: The data obtained were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), chi-square test and Scheffe's post hoc test through SPSS for window (version 22.0). Result: All the techniques showed similar amount of crack propagation, with no statistical difference between the group. Retreatment done using H Files required more time and removed less material. The coronal third showed less amount of gutta-percha remnants than the apical third in all groups. Conclusion: All the groups showed a similar amount of crack propagation. Less number of cracks were observed in the coronal one third and more amount of cracks were found at the apical third. Endostar RE Endo rotary instrument proved to be most effective and least time-consuming. Hedstrom Files required more time and removed less material.