The economic structural change on the output side is accompanied by the reallocation of labour from the agricultural sector to the industrial sector. Some studies show the different effects of labour reallocation on labour productivity growth. This study analyses labour productivity growth in the manufacturing sector in relation to economic structural changes in Indonesia. The analytical methods used are shiftshare and panel data regression models using secondary data of 30 provinces from 2003-2014. The results show economic structural change through labour reallocation decreases growth of labour productivity (structural burden) although productivity continues to grow.

Pemerintah Pusat berdasarkan UU No 33/2004 memberikan dana transfer kepada pemerintah daerah. Dana transfer pusat tersebut digunakan sebagai perimbangan keuangan daerah. Dana transfer yang diberikan pemerintah seperti Dana Alokasi Umum (DAU), Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK) yang difungsikan sebagai stimulus fiskal bagi daerah. Dana transfer pusat diharapkan akan memberikan peningkatan pembangunan bagi daerah. Namun dana transfer pusat tersebut belum memberikan penurunan ketimpangan pendapatan antar daerah. Dana transfer pusat ini setidaknya dapat menutupi kebutuhan daerah. Ketimpangan pendapatan setiap daerah akan terjadi tetapi pemerintah akan memikirkan bagaimana ketimpangan pendapatan daerah dapat diturunkan. DAU merupakan salah satu hibah dari pemerintah pusat untuk menurunkan ketimpangan pendapatan antar daerah. Adanya aturan hold-harmless menjadikan pemberian DAU minimum sama dengan tahun lalu yang mengakibatkan fungsi DAU tidak berjalan. Fungsi DAU yaitu daerah yang kapasitas fiskal rendah akan diberikan DAU relatif besar. Dengan diberlakukan hold harmless membuat fungsi DAU tidak terjadi. Aturan hold harmless sudah tidak digunakan lagi setelah tahun 2009. Dalam penelitian ini mencoba untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketimpangan pendapatan di Indonesia melalui instrumen fiskal seperti DAU dan DAK. Periode penelitian tahun 2001-2010 menggunakan regresi panel data. Hasil yang estimasi yang didapat yaitu DAU, DAK, infrastruktur jalan, aturan hold harmless dan jumlah penduduk mempengaruhi signifikan terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan. Selain melihat hasil estimasi dari persamaan ketimpangan pendapatan, penelitian ini akan melihat perkembangan ketimpangan pendapatan provinsi di Indonesia dengan menggunakan indeks Williamson. Hasil yang didapat ketimpangan pada daerah miskin lebih merata dibandingkan daerah kaya. Penentuan daerah kaya dan daerah miskin menggunakan median PDRB perkapita.

Planning and budgeting play an essential role in achieving development goals in the national and regional scale, especially fundamental development such as infrastructure. Development planning documents through the Medium-Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF) approach presents the relationship between policy priorities and available budgets. The development planning document is implemented annually through the Regional Development Budget (APBD) through a Public Expenditure Management (PEM) approach. Consistency between the two documents is needed to achieve development goals. The purpose of this study is to analyze the consistency between the MTEF and PEM in the Regional Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD) and the realization of the APBD on basic infrastructure in West Java Province during the period 2016-2017. The research used a method of comparing programs and budgets according to the number, variance, and percentage of changes between MTEF and public budget management and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results showed that the MTEF and PEM in infrastructure in West Java were not consistent. The difference was caused by the difference in agreement; where MTEF is an agreement between the executive only and PEM is approved by the executive and legislative.   Keywords: Consistency, MTEF, PEM, planning and budgeting, infrastructure, AHP.

The study aims to analyze the determinants of labor productivity growth in the large and medium industrial sub-sectors in Indonesia related to changes in economic structure that lead to the dominant role of the industrial sector in national GDP formation. The data used are combined between cross-section from 62 large and medium industrial sub-sectors, and time series, during 1990-2014, which are divided into 5 sub-periods of research. The data includes value added, number of workers, FDI, and Wages. Data sources are the Central Bureau of Statistics, Bappenas, and the Ministry of Industry of the Republic of Indonesia. The analytical method used is the panel data regression model, using secondary data. The model is analyzed by estimating the Least Square Dummy Variable (LSDV) method. The results of the study show that: (1) Changes in the share of labor as a result of the process of reallocating labor between sub-sectors have a negative effect on labor productivity growth. (2) Determinants of labor productivity growth, in addition to changes in the share of labor: those are investment variables (capital deepening), both short and long-term, and FDI does not affect labor productivity growth, while wages have a significant positive effect.

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