Many factors can be attributed to the high rate of failure in computer programming courses. This paper studies the background of students, their fields of study and learning approaches applied to the study of programming courses. It is worth considering as a major factor and necessary to research into the causes of failure of students in programming courses from the learner perspective. Programming courses form part of the core concentration areas for students especially studying Information Technology (IT) and Computer Science as well as those other fields of study sandwiched with IT in an undergraduate degree programs.

Data Cleansing is an activity involving a process of detecting and correcting the errors and inconsistencies in data warehouse. It deals with identification of corrupt and duplicate data inherent in the data sets of a data warehouse to enhance the quality of data. The research was directed at investigating some existing approaches and frameworks to data cleansing. That attempted to solve the data cleansing problem and came up with their strengths and weaknesses which led to the identification of gabs in those frameworks and approaches. A comparative analysis of the four frameworks was conducted and by using standard testing parameters a proposed feature was discussed to fit in the gaps.

Abstract-Gradually, mobile and smart computing devices are becoming pervasive and prevalent in society and also increasingly being used to undertake the daily tasks and business activities of individuals and organizations worldwide as compared to their desktop counterparts. But these mobile and smart computing devices are resource constrained and sometimes lack the needed computational capacities; thus, memory, energy, storage, and processor to run the plethora of resource intensive applications available for mobile users. There is a lot of benefit of offloading resource demanding applications and intensive computations from mobile devices to other systems with higher resource capacities in the cloud. Mobile cloud computing is a form of cloud computing that seeks to enhance the capacity and capabilities of mobile and smart computing devices by enabling mobile devices to offload some computational tasks to the cloud for processing which otherwise would have been a challenge. The study setup an experiment to investigate computation offloading for mobile devices. The study also presented an energy model for computation offloading. It was observed during the experiment that by offloading intensive applications from mobile and smart computing devices to other systems with higher resource capacities, a great amount of resource efficiency is achieved.

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Data Cleansing is an activity involving a process of detecting and correcting the errors and inconsistencies in data warehouse. It deals with identification of corrupt and duplicate data inherent in the data sets of a data warehouse to enhance the quality of data. The study looked into investigating some research works conducted in the area of data cleansing. A thorough review into these existing works was studied to determine the achievable goals and the limitations that arose based on the approaches conducted by the researchers. They identification of errors by most of these researchers has led into the development of several frameworks and systems to be implemented in the area of data warehousing.Generally, these findings will contribute to the emerging empirical evidence of the strategic role data cleansing play in the growth of organizations, institutions and other government agencies in terms of data quality and reporting purposes and also to gain competitive advantage since they will overcome the mere existence of dirty data.