The first total synthesis of carthamin (3), ah istoric natural red pigment, has been achieved. The molecular structure was efficiently constructed by assembling two equivalents of the in situ generated lithiated monomers and triisopropyl orthoformate.T his synthesis confirms the structure proposed in 1996.Carthamin is at raditional red pigment obtained from the petals of safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L. Thel ively petals appear mostly yellow (Figure 1a), [1a] reflecting ap revalence Supportinginformation and the ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under: https://doi.

The first total synthesis of carthamin (3), a historic natural red pigment, has been achieved. The molecular structure was efficiently constructed by assembling two equivalents of the in situ generated lithiated monomers and triisopropyl orthoformate. This synthesis confirms the structure proposed in 1996.

A 24-year-old, Thoroughbred gelding presented with difficulty breathing for a few days and intermittent nose bleeding before dying. At necropsy, the bronchoesophageal artery and the bronchial artery that flowed into the left anterior lobe were tortuous and dilated, and it was found that dilated tortuous branches of the bronchial artery ran over the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the left anterior lobe. Histopathologically, an anastomosis between a muscular artery and an elastic artery were demonstrated, which were identified as bronchial and pulmonary arteries, respectively. Based on the gross and histopathological findings, a bronchopulmonary artery fistula was diagnosed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of a pulmonary vascular anastomosis in a horse.

We report an improved synthesis of a C-Glycosyl quinochalcone that is a key intermediate in our total synthesis of carthamin, a natural red pigment of traditional heritage. The C-glycosyl quinochalcone is prepared by regioselective de-O-methylation of a C-glycosyl bromodienone, and installation of a p-coumaroyl side chain through an O→C acyl rearrangement.