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Plasmid transfer plays an important role in the interspecies spread of carbapenemase genes, including the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-coding gene, bla KPC . We conducted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis and transmission experiments to analyze bla KPC-2 -carrying mobile genetic elements (MGEs) between the bla KPC-2 -harboring K. pneumoniae , Citrobacter europaeus , and Morganella morganii strains isolated from a single patient. bla KPC-2 was contained within an MGE, Tn 4401a .

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Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Polynucleobacter sp. strain TUM22923, isolated from Antarctic lake sediment. This strain has a genome of 1,860,127 bp, comprising 1,848 protein-coding sequences. These sequence data could contribute to the elucidation of genome streamlining and low-temperature adaptation in members of Polynucleobacter , a cosmopolitan group of ultramicrobacteria.

Background<br>Neisseria gonorrhoeaegenotyping by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is expensive for a large sample set, a less expensive and more efficient genotyping method is required. We developed a high-throughput genotyping method forN. gonorrhoeaeto improve molecular epidemiological typing and antimicrobial-resistant identification inN. gonorrhoeaeantimicrobial susceptibility surveillance.Methods<br> We used multiplex-tailed PCR to amplify and sequence 15 alleles from multilocus sequence typing (MLST),N. gonorrhoeaemultiantigen sequence typing (NG-MAST), andN. gonorrhoeaesequence typing for antimicrobial resistance (NG-STAR). After indexing-PCR, we sequenced the DNA library using the MiSeq platform (Illumina). Sequencing reads were de novo assembly or constructing consensus sequences of alleles, then assigned sequence type. We used 54 previously characterized strains of N. gonorrhoeae and WGS data to validate our method.Results<br> The allele identification results of MLST and NG-STAR in all strains agreed with the draft WGS. However, in NG-MAST, only 35 strains agreed. Disagreement was found in the NG-MAST of porB in 15 strains and of tbpB in seven strains. QRDR analysis perfectly predicted levofloxacin resistance. But was less successful in predicting reduced susceptibility or resistance phenotype to penicillin G, cefixime, or ceftriaxone using penA, porB, ponA, or mtrR alleles.Conclusions<br> The successful performance in MLST and NG-MAST of our method was validated in this study. This method may be useful for large-scale genotyping forN. gonorrhoeaesurveillance in a cost- and labor-saving manner. Phenotypic prediction of antimicrobial susceptibility by combining multiple alleles may be necessary for other than fluoroquinolones.