No abstract

Submicron-sized hydroxyapatite (HAp) particles were loaded on the titanium plate by anodic oxidation over spark discharge voltage in HAp-containing bath. The biocompatibility and bioactivity were drastically improved by HAp deposition on the anodic oxide films. The affinity with living bone was the following order: anodized titanium plate with HAp > anodized titanium plate >> titanium. Bone-bonding strength between HAp-loaded titanium plate and living bone after 4 weeks' implant was much higher than that of anodized titanium plate.

Oxide layers formed by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) using direct current electrolysis and pulse electrolysis were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and adhesive strength measurements. Ti oxide films fabricated by pulse electrolysis were found to have a significantly higher adhesive strength than those fabricated by direct current electrolysis. This can be explained by the different interface adhesive strengths between the two Ti oxide layers and the Ti substrate, as revealed by cross-sectional SEM micrographs. In addition, the dependences of the voltage and the current on the electrolysis time were investigated.

Hydroxyapatite fine particles (HAp) were loaded on an anodized titanium plate in an alkaline electrolytic bath under spark discharge. Bioactivity was investigated by immersion of the materials into the simulated body fluid for a predetermined period. Bioactivity was remarkably improved by loading of HAp on the anodized titanium surface.