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Background: Diabetic patients have risk of kidney disease. The aim of this study was to assess the level of renal risk in our study population and to identify the associated predictive factors. Methods: It was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study carried out over 5 years (January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2020). All patients were included regardless of the duration of diabetes and having achieved at least one serum creatinine and at least two (2) proteinuria in the 24 hours over a period of at least three months. The level of renal risk was assessed using the KDIGO 2012 classification. Results: A total of 320 patient medical files were retained. The sex ratio M/F was 1.2. The average age was 57.2 ± 11.8 years. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (84.4%). Diabetic nephropathy was found in 177 patients, a frequency of 42.8%. The very significant renal risk was found in 174 patients (54.4%). In multivariate logistic regression, the risk factors significantly associated with renal risk were: Male sex (OR = 2.50; 95% CI = 1.