Introduction Diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma during pregnancy is rare. We report a case of renal cell carcinoma during pregnancy with rapid growth. Case presentation A 39‐year‐old woman presented to our hospital for treatment of renal tumor at 22 weeks gestation. The tumor had a cystic lesion with a partition and showed rapid growth from 28 mm to 32 mm over a period of 4 weeks. The tumor was diagnosed as renal cell carcinoma and an open partial nephrectomy was scheduled at 26 weeks gestation. The operation and perioperative course were successful. Pathological findings confirmed the tumor to be clear cell renal cell carcinoma with G2 > G3, Fuhrman grade 2, pT1a, negative surgical margin, and positive detection of progesterone receptor. Conclusion We reported the successful management of a patient who was diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma during pregnancy. We also had a suggested association between rapid growth tumor and progesterone based on histopathological analysis of the tumor.

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We aimed to investigate if Computed tomography (CT) attenuation values can help improve the identification of age-related changes in the thymus. We assessed CT images of 405 patients aged 0 to 80 years. We measured the area of the anterior mediastinum at the level of the carina and its average CT attenuation value. We evaluated the thymic area, the ratio of the thymus area to the total thoracic area, and the CT attenuation value. Additionally, we evaluated changes in the thymus area in the 0 to 13-year age group. The area of the thymus decreased from birth to the middle 20s. After the middle 20s, the area tended to increase and plateau till after 50 years of age. The ratio of the thymic area to the thoracic area decreased from age 0 to 20 years, but remained stable after 20 years of age. The CT attenuation values were stable from birth to puberty, decreased after puberty, and were stable again in the late 50s and beyond. The thymus of children showed mass formation, but the shape changed with age. No significant differences in the CT attenuation value were found across underlying conditions for the 0 to 13-year age group. The decrease in the CT attenuation values, observed with advancing age, reflects adipose degeneration of the thymus, indicating that by the late 50s, thymic tissue is replaced completely by adipose tissue. Our data suggest that adipose degeneration of the thymus begins after puberty and advances with age.

━━ Background. Nuclear protein in testis (NUT) carcinoma is an aggressive malignant tumor associated with chromosomal rearrangement of the NUT midline carcinoma family member 1 (NUTM1) gene. Reports of NUT carcinoma have been increasing in recent years. Case. A 26-year-old man presented to our hospital for the evaluation of bloody sputum and chest pain. Radiological imaging revealed an anterior mediastinal tumor. A computed tomography-guided needle biopsy detected thymic squamous cell carcinoma. The patient was administered four cycles of carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy. Although the primary lesion responded to chemotherapy, the mediastinal lymph node showed continuous rapid growth, resulting in left recurrent nerve paralysis. Radiotherapy was initiated at the mediastinal lymph node. However, the patient subsequently developed pleural dissemination as well as liver and retroperitoneal metastasis and died seven months after his first visit. An autopsy evaluation revealed bilateral lung, liver, lymph node (lung hilum, mediastinal, and celiac), pleural, diaphragm, and retroperitoneal cancer. A histopathological evaluation of the tumor tissues showed mixed features of keratinized and undifferentiated cell components; an immunohistochemistry revealed that both components had immunopositivity for NUT and p63. The patient was ultimately diagnosed with NUT carcinoma. Conclusion. NUT carcinoma was diagnosed in this case following an autopsy. Some young patients diagnosed with thoracic squamous carcinoma may have NUT carcinoma.

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