The multiparametric MR imaging helps discriminating malignant thyroid nodules from benign ones.

Immunohistochemical localization of voltage-gated potassium channel Kv3.1b subunit was studied in the cochlea. Intense Kv3.1b-like immunoreactivity was present in the type I, type III, type IV and suprastrial fibrocytes of the cochlear lateral wall. Immunostaining was also found in the interdental cells and the fibrocytes of the spiral limbus and in the supralimbal dark cells. K+ ions, which play a pivotal role in the mechanosensory transduction process in the inner ear, are recycled via gap junctional networks in the cochlea. These results suggest that the voltage-gated potassium channel, containing Kv3.1b, in the cochlear lateral wall fibrocytes may control the intracellular potential and play an important role in regulating the potassium ion recycling mechanism via gap junctions in the inner ear.

Cholesterol granuloma is usually associated with middle ear disease and is very rare in the paranasal sinuses. We report a case of cholesterol granuloma originating in the maxillary sinus of a 52-year-old female. Endoscopic sinus surgery was performed on the left maxillary sinus, and the cholesterol granuloma was successfully removed by the middle meatal antrostomy. Light microscopic examination showed granulomatous tissue with typical cholesterol clefts, multinucleated foreign body giant cells, small areas of hemorrhage, hemosiderin-laden macrophages and plasma cells. We also describe the details of the endoscopic surgical techniques employed in the treatment of this disorder.

Background: Although efficacy of aprepitant for suppressing emesis associated with single-dose cisplatin has been demonstrated, there are limited data on the antiemetic effect of this oral neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist during daily administration of cisplatin. Accordingly, we investigated the efficacy and safety of aprepitant in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) receiving combination therapy with cisplatin and 5-FU (FP therapy). Materials and Methods: Twenty patients with HNC were prospectively studied who received a triple antiemetic regimen comprising granisetron (40μg/kg on Days 1-4), dexamethasone (8 mg on Days 1-4), and aprepitant (125 mg on day 1 and 80mg on days 2-5) with FP therapy (cisplatin 20 mg/m 2 on days 1-4; 5-FU 400 mg/m 2 on days 1-5) (aprepitant group). We also retrospectively studied another 20 HNC patients who received the same regimen except for aprepitant (control group). Results: For efficacy endpoints based on nausea, the aprepitant group showed significantly better results, including a higher rate of complete response (no vomiting and no salvage therapy) for the acute phase (p=0.0342), although there was no marked difference between the two groups with regard to percentage of patients in whom vomiting was suppressed. There were no clinically relevant adverse reactions to aprepitant. Conclusions: This study suggested that a triple antiemetic regimen containing aprepitant is safe and effective for HNC patients receiving daily cisplatin therapy.

Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma (EES) is a rare disease that is one of the Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT). Adult cases of ESFT often arise from extraskeletal sites. We herein describe a case of EES originating from the left oral floor. A 37-year-old man had a 3-month history of a painless mass in the left oral floor. The mass had enlarged without adhesion to the mandible. The patient underwent removal of the mass at a previous hospital. The postoperative diagnosis was Ewing's sarcoma. The surgical margin was histologically positive, and thereafter the patient was admitted to our hospital. Contrast enhanced MRI and PET/CT demonstrated no residual tumor. The patient received a full course of chemotherapy (VDCA-IE therapy) with surgery. We performed oral floor partial excision following four preoperative chemotherapy courses. Histologically there was no residual tumor. The patient received a 13-course chemotherapy regimen after the operation. One year and seven months have passed from initial diagnosis without any signs of either local recurrence or distant metastasis.