Platelet plays a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) development. Abnormalities in platelet aggregation provokes thromboembolism, eventually leading to death. In Indonesia, breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) leaf is traditionally used to treat CVDs. This study aimed to evaluate the antiplatelet activity of A. altilis leaf extract (AAE) and to identify its active compound. A. altilis leaves were extracted with ethanol, and the antiplatelet activity was assessed using ADP-induced platelet aggregation. The major compound was isolated with column chromatography followed by preparative TLC, and the structure was determined on the basis of UV, MS, IR, and NMR spectra. The binding mode of the active compound to platelet receptors was characterized in in silico study. AAE exhibited an antiplatelet activity (IC50 of 252.23 µg/mL). A geranylated chalcone, 2-geranyl-2ʹ,3,3,4ʹ-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone (GTDC) was identified as the antiplatelet compound (IC50 of 9.09 µM). GTDC actions with P2Y12 platelet receptor involving three amino acid residues.

Krisis resistensi antibiotic terjadi karena penggunaan antibiotic yang tidak tepat dan berlebihan (Ventola, 2015). Semakin meningkatnya angka resistensi antibiotik menjadi alasan untuk mengembangkan senyawa anti bakteri baru dari alam. Laportea interupta L. Chew adalah salah satu tanaman liar yang sering dikenal dengan nama daun gatal. Kandungan fitokimia yang terkandung juga tinggi, diantaranya adalah senyawa flavonoid dan fenolik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri herba daun gatal terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Eschericia coli. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70% dan perbandingan 1:5. Uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Eschericia coli dengan menggunakan media sumuran. Masing-masing pengujian dilakukan dengan kontrol positif tetrasiklin, kontrol negatif, dan 3 seri konsentrafi ekstrak, yaitu 40%, 50%, dan 60%. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan mengukur diameter zona hambat di sekitar sumuran. Hasil pengujian skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa herba daun gatal mengandung senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, saponin dan glikosida. Pengujian terhadap bakteri S. aureus menunjukkan bahwa pada konsentrasi ekstrak 60% memberikan hasil intermediet antibakteri dengan diameter zona hambat 15,68 cm. Sedangkan pada E. coli menghasilkan hasil intermediet pada konsentrasi ekstrak 50% dan 60% dengan diameter zona hambat masing-masing 12,30 cm dan 13,27 cm. Berdasarkan hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri, disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun gatal memberikan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap S. aureus maupun terhadap E.coli yang ditunjukkan dengan terbentukanya zona hambat disekitar sumuran.Kata kunci : antibakteri, S. aureus, E.coli, herba daun datal

Trembesi plant (Samanea saman (Jacq.) are used for traditional medicine as an antibacterial, an analgesic, treat headaches and diarrhea. The aims of this research were to determine analgesic activity and toxicity of n-hexana fraction of trembesi leaves in mice. Extraction using maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent, then solid-liquid partitioned. The activity of an analgesic test by induction acetic acid 1% using negative control CMC Na 0,5%, positive control acetosal dose of 360 mg/kgBW, the treatment group n-heksana fraction doses of 200, 350 and 500 mg/kgBW, while the toxicity test used negative CMC Na 0,5%, with the treatment group dose 5, 50, 500 and 5000 mg/kgBW. Analysis analgesic test data using the Hendersot and Forsaith equations for know the amount of stretching mice. Observation irritation gastric done by observation in makroskopis. While the toxicity test is done within 24 hours for calculated LD50 and make observations and Kruskal-Walli’s test in time 7 days to find out the delayed toxic effects. The results obtained the percent of the analgesic of the n-heksana fraction by 37.86%, 55.78% and 70.9% and LD50 values of 5000 mg/kgBW with the results observations made no significant difference (p>0.05). This research conclusion was the n-hexana fraction trembesi leaves having an analgesic doses activity with effective 350 mg/kgBW with a 55,78% analgetika potential and a toxic effect are categorized as toxic mild and there is no on the irritation.