No abstract

Surgeons can perform the activities in approximately one minute inside the sterile field. Movements encompassing multiple requirements and engaging multiple body segments are combined to provide an efficient and effective intervention to the target tissues.

Background: Posterior lumbar vertebral endplate fracture occurs with avulsion of the ring apophysis from the posterior vertebral body. Although this has been described in adolescents and young adults, proper diagnosis is often delayed or missed entirely. Surgery may be curative. Objective: To determine the common clinical features and treatment outcomes in youth and young adults with posterior lumbar vertebral endplate fractures. Design: Retrospective case series. Setting: Academic medical institution. Patients: Patients 10 to 25 years old from 2000 through 2012 with posterior vertebral endplate fracture diagnosis. Main Outcome Measurements: Demographic characteristics, diagnostic studies, interventions, and change in symptoms postoperatively.Results: A total of 16 patients had posterior vertebral endplate fractures (8 male patients; mean age, 15.2 years)-8.3% of 192 patients with inclusion age range undergoing spinal surgery for causes unrelated to trauma, scoliosis, or malignancy. The most common signs and symptoms were low back and radiating leg pain, positive straight leg raise, hamstring contracture, and abnormal gait. Cause was sports related for 12 patients (75%). Mean (range) time to diagnosis was 13.0 (3.0-63.0) months. Diagnosis was most commonly made with lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (n = 6). Most fractures occurred at L5 (n = 8, 50%) and L4 (n = 5, 31.3%). Conservative measures were trialed before surgery. Nine patients had "complete relief" following surgery and seven "improved." Conclusions: Posterior vertebral endplate fracture should be considered in differential diagnosis of a youth or young adult with back pain, radiating leg pain, and limited knee extension, regardless of symptom onset. For patients in whom conservative management fails, consultation with an experienced physician whose practice specializes in spine medicine is recommended.

An 80-year-old male with recurrent thyroid cancer and a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube in situ was referred for radioiodine therapy and was administered 5510 MBq I-131 sodium iodide intravenously. Sequential whole-body images taken over the subsequent 7 days for dosimetric evaluation revealed an area of persistent high uptake in the abdomen. Delayed imaging with single photon emission CT/CT at 15 days post administration revealed this uptake to be at the junction of the PEG tube with the anatomically normal stomach wall. We hypothesise that the PEG tube became contaminated by radioiodine secreted in the gastric mucosa during therapy and this radioactivity subsequently decayed with an increased effective half-life relative to the stomach, leading to the apparent hot spot.