Objective: To evaluate the success rate of autotransplantation of teeth in consecutive patients and to analyze factors affecting the outcome. Materials and Methods: The subjects consisted of 215 consecutive patients (101 women and 114 men; aged 9.1-56.4 years, median age 15.2 years [P 10 5 11.4, P 90 5 19.7]) who had undergone transplantation of a total of 269 teeth, all by the same surgeon. In patients with multiple transplants, only the first transplant was included, to ensure that all transplanted teeth were independent units. The transplants were recorded as unsuccessful if the tooth had been extracted or was surviving but with root resorption or ankylosis. The interval between transplantation and final follow-up was a median 4.8 years (P 10 5 2.0, P 90 5 5.5) for successful transplants and a median of 2.4 years (P 10 5 0.4, P 90 5 7.7) for unsuccessful transplants. Results: One-hundred seventy-five (81%) of the transplantations were recorded as successful and 40 (19%) as unsuccessful. Twenty-five teeth had been extracted and 15 had survived but did not fulfill the criteria for success. Conclusions: The success rate of 215 consecutively transplanted teeth was 81%. The highest success rate was for transplantation of premolars to the maxillary incisor region (100%).Complications at surgery such as difficult extraction, deviant root anatomy, or damaged root periodontium affected the outcome. During growth, a successful transplant preserves alveolar bone. (Angle Orthod. 2010;80:446-451.)

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This study investigated 41 subjects, 13 male and 28 female, with agenesis of one or both lower second premolars, and with retained lower second primary molars. Intra-oral radiographs of 59 primary teeth were examined to judge the resorption of the mesial and distal roots, and were measured to record infra-occlusion of the primary teeth and tipping of the adjacent permanent teeth. The study commenced at 11-12 years of age. The mean age at the last measurement was 20 years 6 months (SD 3.62, range 13.6-31.8 years). During the observation period, only two of the 59 primary teeth were exfoliated. Five were extracted, two of which were replaced by upper third molar transplants. Beyond the age of 20 years no teeth were lost. Root resorption varied widely between individuals, but was slow. There was no typical pattern for development of infra-occlusion. Mean infra-occlusion was 0.47 mm (SD 1.13) at 11-12 years, increasing by less than 1.0 to 1.43 mm (SD 1.13) at age 17-18 years. At age 19-20 years, 55 per cent of teeth showed infra-occlusion between 0.5 and 4.5 mm, but 45 per cent showed no infra-occlusion. The space between the first molar and first premolar was a mean of 10.35 mm (SD 0.76) at age 10-12 years compared with the mean width of the second primary molar of 10.53 mm (SD 0.51). The space reduced by less than 0.5 mm to 9.95 mm (SD 1.50) at age 17-18 years. If primary molars are present at 20 years of age they appear to have a good prognosis for long-term survival.

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The associations between tooth and eruption disturbances in four groups of children selected primarily with only one diagnosed eruption or developmental disturbance in each group was analysed. Ninety-two children were primarily diagnosed with ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molars, 93 children with infra-occlusion and ankylosis of primary molars, 91 children with ectopic eruption of maxillary canines, and 97 children with aplasia of premolars. Of the children studied 69-79 per cent had only a single one of the four disturbances studied. In 18-28 per cent there was one additional disturbance and in 2-3 per cent two additional disturbances. From chi square contingency tests, it was found that infra-occlusion of primary molars and aplasia of premolars exhibited a higher prevalence in both directions compared to the expected population prevalence. Ectopic eruption of maxillary canines showed a significantly higher prevalence than expected in all the other three groups. Our interpretation is that these results support the hypothesis of a common, presumably hereditary, aetiology. Thus, the four conditions studied would be different manifestations of one syndrome, each manifestation having an incomplete penetrance. With closer follow-up of the maxillary canines during the eruption period in children with some of the other three disturbances, prophylactic, or early interceptive measures may be taken and complicated orthodontic treatment be reduced or avoided.