Although based on a limited number of subjects, these results indicated that urinary EtG and EtS testing is a useful tool for objective identification of recent drinking in outpatients treated for alcohol and drug dependence.

Since the start of screening in 1994, there has been no increased seroprevalence of HTLV-1/2 among blood donors in Sweden. Seroprevalence among Swedish IVF patients is 10 times higher than among blood donors. This finding is comparable to a 2003 European seroprevalence study of pregnant women in 7 countries. However, the possibility that the IVF group includes individuals with a higher risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections, including HTLV, than the general population cannot be ruled out.

No abstract