A person as a social being is guided by his own interests, habits, customs, changes that have social significance. Institutions are also one of the most important elements of the social environment and are regulators and coordinators of behavior. Economic institutions regulate the behavior of economic subjects. Traditional economic theory considers economic behavior as rational. The classical concept of rationality represents the limitations of the objective function and resource components and explains real economic behavior. The decision-making process consists of a combination of resource and target aspects, respectively, rationality restrictions are imposed in the field of access to resources, goal setting and mechanisms of their combination, i.e., justification of behavioral action. Internal limitations on the choice of alternative actions have an impact on the decision-making process of economic actors. Among them are cognitive abilities, competence, value system, needs, innate personality traits and emotions. Imperfection of cognitive abilities can cause distortion of conclusions about economic realities, which leads to mistakes in actions. The specificity of the individual's cognitive capabilities, along with the uneven distribution of information, leads to the fact that economic entities are constantly exposed to uncertainty. Competence, which is an expression of the individual's experience, skills and accumulated knowledge, allows to reduce the level of uncertainty and increase the rationality of the subject's behavior. At the same time, the presence of a value system allows you to rank a person's interests and needs according to their importance to him, and thereby prioritize their satisfaction. At the same time, human needs, in contrast to the value system, are more situational in nature.

Under the effect of extreme factors, compensatory and adaptive mechanisms are triggered in the body that change the metabolism and functional state of organs and tissues. With short-term exposure to these factors, homeostasis practically does not change, and with prolonged and repeated effects, stress and corresponding pathology may occur. In marine medicine, the problem of stress is particularly relevant. The adaptation of the seafarers' body should be carried out to a significant number of adverse factors in a relatively short time with sharp changes in the navigation regions. There are many ways to improve or correct a person's condition. Among them, relatively simple and inexpensive ones are of interest. The aim of the study is to evaluate the results of the use of various methods of psychological relaxation for the prevention and reduction of emotional stress among fishermen during a long sea voyage. Materials and methods: seafarers were examined during a long fishing voyage for psychoemotional stress detecting. Seances of psychological and emotional relaxation – music therapy and exercises of the technique of slow manipulative movements were conducted among individuals with identified signs of reactive anxiety. Results of the study: upon completion of all full cycles of emotional and psychological unloading, a positive effect was revealed in most of the subjects. 6 days after the start of the music therapy cycle, the level of reactive anxiety normalized in half of the participants, and after another 4 days, almost all individuals achieved a decrease in anxiety to at least moderate. In an experiment with the technique of slow manipulative movements (counting rosaries), after a week, the normalization of the level of anxiety occurred in 20% of the subjects, and in more than 2/3 of the sailors it decreased to moderate. A week later, almost all the subjects' anxiety levels returned to normal.

Arctic territory of Russia is a very important strategic and economic region. In accordance of State politic it’s importance to development and supporting of Arctic regions. The authors are aim for revealing of medical supporting amount in North Sea Route (NSR). From this aim it was set tasks: to estimate a structure of medical facilities in seaports of Arctic ocean: to identify a medical qualification about sea medicine in medical facilities; to check a syatistical documents about morbidity, traumatism and death between seamen; to estimate an Russian and international cooperation in Arctic sea medicine. In results were revealed as positive well as problems in medical supporting work. At Western sector of NSR in seaports located a wide multitype clinics that provided a full specialized medical aid. A medical aid in Eastern side may realize by general practitioners in local facilities or by force medical hospitals. They make only primary medical-sanitary aid. A specialized medical aid realized only with sanitary aviation resources by evacuation of patient throw hundreds kilometers to big clinics. Authors detected a lot problem that accordance a medical supporting. They specified for Eastern side of NSR: a great distance between settlements, old and destructed medical facilities, insufciency of medics (especially emergency specialists), it is necessary to interdepartmental coordination of Healthcare management and a medical documentation is not satisfy the International convention requirements. It was attempted to comprehend a problems for Public Healthcare about sailors and other professional groups that work in Polar territory.

Abstract. Efficient management of the health care system is essential to ensure the high quality of health care facilities, both public and private. The expected results of work to improve the efficiency of health care system involve the introduction of modern complex systems, among which digital technologies play a leading role. The value of digitalization will help healthcare organizations overcome the challenge of limiting the use of resources to meet growing healthcare needs. The digitalization of domestic healthcare, which covers electronic prescriptions, electronic referrals and the exchange of electronic medical records, has been implemented on the platform of the Integrated State Information System since 2018. According to forecasts, its implementation and maximum use should be completed and implemented to the maximum by 2025. The success of this implementation is closely related to the level of digital skills of both healthcare providers and users of healthcare services. It is believed that the widespread introduction of electronic technologies in healthcare will solve many current problems in this industry. However, at the present time its use is not yet very well developed, and its potential is little used. There are many reasons that promote or limit the spread of digital transformation in the healthcare sector. This is, first of all, knowledge, opportunities for learning, the ability to interact, systemic thinking. Good managerial responsibility is critical to transforming healthcare. Implementing eHealth requires new and innovative workflows. At the same time, both the medical staff and the administrative link must be aware that their work will change radically. It will evolve from a routine to an activity of learning, skill development and constant change in work practices.