Objective: Cardiovascular diseases account for most noncommunicable disease (NCD) deaths about 17.9 million people annually. The Philippine Department of Health (DOH) began implementing the PhilPEN (Philippine Package of Essential Noncommunicable Disease interventions) nationwide in 2014. The protocol screens adult Filipinos seen in the public health facilities for major cardiovascular disease risk factors and includes interventions such as lifestyle advice and medications to achieve target goals. ONE Cavite Project is a collaboration between DOH, the Philippine Society of Hypertension (PSH), and private practitioners in Cavite-a densely populated semi-urbanized province in the Philippines. The primary objective of the One Cavite Project is to engage private medical practitioners in Cavite in screening, diagnosing, and managing adult patients (20 years old and above) for the following significant cardiovascular risk (CV) factors: hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking and to complement the PhilPEN implementation by the DOH in all its public health facilities in Cavite by private general physicians. Design and Methods:The first phase of the project is to organize a series of seminars to gather, enroll, and engage private doctors to ensure proper screening, monitoring, and follow up of patients with hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and other CV risk factors. The second phase is to enroll the patients of these private doctors, where patient data was collected, collated, and submitted to PSH for descriptive analysis by a third party.Results: A total of 680 doctors were engaged with a total of 41,477 patients screened. Preliminary data showed that out of the 41,477 patients, 61% have hypertension, 17% have diabetes, 22% have dyslipidemia, and 16% are smokers. Moreover, 21% have both hypertension and diabetes, 19% have hypertension and dyslipidemia, while 7% have hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. On follow-up after six months, out of 18,348 patients with hypertension, 88% of patients with hypertension had their blood pressure under control. For the 5,024 patients with diabetes, 15% had a fasting blood sugar < 110 mg/dL, and 32% had an HBA1c< 6.5 mg/dl. Out of 7,146 patients with dyslipidemia, 14% had an LDL < 130 mg/dl, while for the 3,510 smokers, 56% quit smoking on follow-up. Conclusion:The One Cavite Project has shown that engagement of private medical practitioners in screening, diagnosing, and managing adult patients for significant cardiovascular risk (CV) factors have complemented the implementation of Phil-PEN by the DOH and this led to active prevention and control of these risk factors.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to develop a risk prediction model and a simple assessment sheet for cold disorder (hiesho) in middle-aged and older adults. Methods: The 889 participants in this study were from a community-dwelling general population (mean age, 62.4±8.8 years). The skin surface temperatures of the face and hands of the participants were measured by thermography. The cold disorder was objectively defined as having a temperature difference of ≥8°C between the forehead and fingertips. Data on the body regions with cold perception and the various con comitant signs were collected by a self-administered questionnaire and structured interviews. Results: The objectively assessed cold disorder was observed in 22.7% of participants and strongly associated with coldness of the back of the hand, palms, fingers, dorsal torso, toes, and soles of the feet. Its prevalence was found to increase with the number of signs of coldness. Older age, being female, low body mass index, hypertension, anemia, and physical inactivity were identified as potential risk factors. A logistic model for predicting the cold disorder was designed on the basis of the perceived cold, accompanying signs, and risk factors. The model showed good discrimination (area under the curve=0.737) and calibration capabilities (Hosmer-Lemeshow test, P=0.426). On the basis of this prediction model, a simple assessment sheet was developed to estimate the individual risk of experiencing the cold disorder, in middle-aged and older adults. Conclusions: With the proposed risk prediction model showing good discrimination capability, the assessment sheet may serve as a prescreening tool to evaluate the potential of middle-aged and older population to develop the cold disorder. Key words: cold disorder(冷え症) ，skin temperature(皮膚温) ，general population(一般住民) ，risk prediction model(リスク予測モデル) ，simple assessment sheet(簡易アセスメントシート)