In order to control dispersion and dispersion slope of indexguiding photonic crystal fibers (PCFs), a new controlling technique of chromatic dispersion in PCF is reported. Moreover, our technique is applied to design PCF with both ultra-low dispersion and ultra-flattened dispersion in wide wavelength range. A full-vector finite element method with anisotropic perfectly matched layers is used to analyze the dispersion properties and the confinement losses in a PCF with finite number of air holes. It is shown from numerical results that it is possible to design a fourring PCF with flattened dispersion of 0 +/- 0.5 ps/(km.nm) from 1.19 m to 1.69 m wavelength range and a five-ring PCF with flattened dispersion of 0 +/- 0.4 ps/(km.nm) from 1.23 m to 1.72 m wavelength range.

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In order to simply design a photonic crystal fiber (PCF), we provide numerically based empirical relations for V parameter and W parameter of PCFs only dependent on the two structural parameters - the air hole diameter and the hole pitch. We demonstrate the accuracy of these expressions by comparing the proposed empirical relations with the results of full-vector finite element method. Through the empirical relations we can easily evaluate the fundamental properties of PCFs without the need for numerical computations.