In this paper, the effects of built environments on the use of sharing bikes were investigated, based on the weekend and weekend data of sharing bikes at street level in Shenzhen, China. The explanatory variables of built environments included: population, population density, area of each street, number of bus stops, density of bus stops, number of metro stations, road length, density of road length, and areas of various land use. The dependent variables included weekend demand of sharing bikes, weekend demand of sharing bikes, weekend peak-hour demand of sharing bikes, and weekend peak-hour demand of sharing bikes. It was found that the sharing bikes were mainly used as the accessibility and feeder tools for metro service. The weekend and weekend peak-hour demand are significantly influenced by industrial area.

Transit-oriented development zones (TODs) are mixed-use residential or commercial areas that aim to maximize the use of public transportation, and often include functions that encourage public transportation. This paper proposes establishes an equilibrium model for designing the rail transit corridor considering the development of TOD project. The proposed model features the choice of living place. Further, house rent, travel cost and the capacity constraints of TOD's housing supply were also considered in this model. The objective function of model optimization is to maximize profit and maximize social welfare. Results show that while TOD near the CBD station can significantly improve the revenue of rail operation, while TOD far away from the CBD station may increase land use profit due to low land price.

In contrast to private cars, rail transit systems are a more effective way to deal with the emerging challenges in cities with high population densities, such as congestion, air pollution, and traffic emissions. Rail transit systems, however, are commonly costly, due to substantial investments in construction and maintenance. It is thus necessary to design the candidate rail transit systems carefully to ensure public transport accessibility and sustainability, with consideration of the space-time correlation of population densities. In this paper, the space-time correlations of population densities are incorporated into the design of a candidate rail transit line over years. A closed-formed mathematical programming model is proposed, with an optimisation objective of social welfare budget maximisation. The social welfare budget is defined as the summation of the expected social welfare and social welfare margins. The model decision variables include rail line length, rail station number, and project start time of the candidate rail transit line. The analytical solutions for the proposed rail design model are given explicitly for different scenarios with various constraints.

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