In this study, the researchers (i) determined the perception levels of candidate teachers about Specific Learning Difficulties (SLD) using Online Photovoice (OPV) methodology, (ii) shared the research results with relevant researchers and practitioners in order to contribute to increase the knowledge level of candidate teachers about SLD, and finally (iii) discussed the results of the research in order to lay the groundwork for more meaningful and useful research and services. OPV technique was used in the data collection phase, and Online Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (OIPA) was used in the data analysis phase. A total of 367 teacher candidates studying in different teaching programs participated in the study; the answers of 42 students were removed from the analysis for various reasons, and the remaining 325 students formed the final sample. The participants were asked about the most important factor/concept that defines SLD in order to measure their perceptions about SLD. Thirteen main themes were created regarding the most important factor/concept that defined SLD; the most important main themes and percentages were as follows: It is a situation in which the individual has difficulties in cognitive (reading, writing and mathematics) skills (51%), a situation that needs support (16%), and a situation that causes differences in learning style (12%). At the end of the study, the researchers made suggestions to the relevant researchers and practitioners in order to increase their knowledge level about SLD. With this research, the researchers used the OPV technique for the first time in the field of SLD, and they brought a new breath to future research.

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Bu çalışmada COVID-19 salgını sürecinde özel öğrenme güçlüğü olan öğrencilerin, ailelerinin ve öğretmenlerinin yaşadıkları sorunların ve gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgu bilim deseniyle gerçekleştirilmiş ve veriler içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Türkiye’nin üç büyük ilinde yaşayan altı özel öğrenme güçlüğü olan öğrenci, çocuğu özel öğrenme güçlüğü olan beş aile ve özel öğrenme güçlüğü olan öğrencilerle çalışan sekiz özel eğitim öğretmeni ile odak grup görüşmeleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Öğrenciler evde olmanın çok güzel olduğunu ancak derslerin uzunluğunu ve teneffüslerin kısalığını dile getirmişlerdir. Aileler salgın sürecinin başında birlikte vakit geçirmenin çok keyifli olduğunu ancak zamanla öğrencilerin uyku, motivasyon ve uyum problemlerinin ortaya çıktığını, uzaktan eğitimden çocuklarının faydalanamadığını belirtmişlerdir. Özel eğitim öğretmenleri uzaktan eğitimi zor ve yıpratıcı olarak gördüklerini ve uzaktan eğitime hazır olmadıklarını ve toplum olarak bu süreci bir fırsata çevirmek için yeniliklere ihtiyaçları olduğunu dile getirmiştir. Araştırma sonunda uzaktan eğitim sürecinde öğretmenlerin ve ailelerin teknolojik araçların kullanılmasında, öğrenciler için eğitimsel uyarlamaların uzaktan gerçekleştirilmesinde desteğe ihtiyaç duydukları, öğrencilerin ve ailelerin ise psikolojik destek sistemlerine ihtiyaç duydukları sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.

Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Support (SWPBIS) focuses on interventions in order tomeet the social behavioral demands of schools with the help of a three-tiered model. The main aim in SWPBIS is to ensure behavioral success and academic achievement of students in schools. By analyzing the related studies it was seen that there are many studies focusing on the effectiveness of SWPBIS practices in schools and there is an ascending trend in the application of SWPBIS in schools. As a result, this study was conducted to review the experimental and quasi-experimental studies related to the SWPBIS published in the Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions (JPBI) between 1999 and 2015. The studies were examined in depth by using epistemological document analysis in 6 categorical areas: (a) purpose, (b) participants, (c) dependent variables, (d) method, (e) limitations, and (f) recommendations. Findings are discussed in accordance with the relevant literature. Finally, new proposals were made for new research and applicability in other countries.

The aim of this study is to review the international studies of multiple disabilities carried out and to give a point of view to new studies through evaluating the studies via an analysis of literature between 2010 and 2020 years. With that aim, scientific studies published over the last ten years in the world about children, their families, services and practices provided for them about multiple disabilities were reviewed. The criterion for determining the international articles examined was that they were published in refereed journals. The review was carried out at electronic databases. During reviewing, the databases of ERIC, EBSCO, Topic Search and Primary Search and international scientific journals were reviewed using the key words, special education, multiple disabilities, multiple impairments, severe and multiple disabilities between the years 2010-2020. Also, online indices were reached through the journals published in the related faculties of universities. 96 articles of the studies made in the world between 2010-2020 were examined. The articles reached were examined in terms of aim, participants, methods, limitations, findings, and suggestions, and they were explained detailedly in the findings part. It is hoped that the researches examined in this study will serve as a model for future studies about multiple inabilities and increase the scientific interest.