In 1990 a workshop was organised in the village of Wolfheze (the Netherlands), where experts discussed the critical interventions that would foster elimination of TB in Europe. This event has been followed by several more over the following two decades to become known as the ''Wolfheze Workshops''. This article provides a brief overview of the history and the impact the Wolfheze Workshops have had on the commitment of European governments to standardise definitions, recording and reporting systems and, thus, permitted comparison of interventions and improving TB control across borders. The Wolfheze Workshops have been and still are an essential platform for this exchange of experiences, promoting common approaches.
Drawing on an advanced analysis of individual longitudinal register data of school careers of four cohorts of children in Amsterdam, this article suggests that school advice is highly differentiated between children of different migrant and socioeconomic backgrounds. Moreover, apart from these individual characteristics, we demonstrate that the socioeconomic composition of neighbourhoods and schools is important for understanding differences in school advice. The analysis shows that neighbourhood and school socioeconomic disadvantage negatively affects the school advice of children with highly educated parents, while socioeconomic advantage positively affects all children and especially children of lower- and intermediate-educated parents. The positive neighbourhood effects are, however, mediated by primary school context. We suggest that while most of the educational inequalities may be explained by individual characteristics, residential and school segregation intensify these inequalities, especially through the beneficial effects of neighbourhood and school advantage.
Moving during childhood is an important life event that is often stressful and potentially disruptive. With the majority of existing studies on childhood internal mobility using a one‐dimensional measure of mobility and focusing on the total population, there is still limited knowledge on differential childhood mobility patterns for children of different migrant origins. In this study, we acknowledge the multidimensional nature of mobility by covering frequency, timing, distance, and change in place type to understand internal mobility patterns for children aged 0–16 without and with different second‐generation migrant backgrounds. Internal mobility is analysed for children born in the Netherlands between 1995 and 2003 using longitudinal full population register data. K‐means cluster analysis reveals five types of mobility: nearby preschool‐aged, nearby school‐aged, long‐distance to more densely populated areas, long‐distance to less densely populated areas, and frequent movers. Results of multinomial logistic regressions show that having a second‐generation migrant background increases the likelihood of being in any of the mobility clusters and reveals variation in types of mobility patterns for different migrant origin groups. We conclude that childhood mobility patterns are diverse and overall more often experienced by children of second‐generation migrant origin potentially adding to a more vulnerable situation and inequality over the life course.
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