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Eighteen parasitoid species were found associated with obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris), and three-lined leafroller, Pandemis limitata Robinson, from 1982 to 1984, on apple and other host plants in the southern interior of British Columbia. The leafroller parasitoids included a Glypta Gravenhorst species (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), Diadegma eureka (Ashmead) and Diadegma interruptum pterophorae (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), and Hemisturmia tortricis (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tachinidae). The two leafroller species were found on 18 wild host plants from 10 plant families.

The effects of temperature on survival and development of immature stages of Bembidion lampros were examined under controlled conditions in the laboratory.

A bin washing apparatus (drencher) was used to treat late-instar codling moth, Cydia pomonella Linnaeus -infested wooden fruit bins with the entomopathogeni c nematode Steinernema carpocapsae. Sentinel late-instar codling moth larvae were placed in strips of wood, made from dismantled bins, that were subsequently screwed into the corners of real bins before treatment. Pre-soaking the bins with water prior to treatment and covering the bins with a plastic tarp post-treatment, to maintain a high humidity, signiWcantly increased sentinel codling moth mortality. Treatment for 1 min with 50 S. carpocapsae infective juveniles mL 2 1 water resulted in more than 80% mortality over 6 h in which the nematodes were continuously pumped through the drencher. The temperature of the water in the bin washer was < 15ë C and the chlorine in the city water was too low to harm the nematodes. The key disadvantage of washing the bins was the labour involved. It may be possible to reduce post-treatment holding time and increase codling moth mortality by holding the bins at a higher temperature post-treatment, however this parameter was not included in the study. The presence of the codling moth granulosi s virus within the larvae did not inXuence the nematode-induce d codling moth mortality over a range of concentrations and two temperatures in laboratory trials.