A peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique was used to detect Clostridium chauvoei in tissue sections from sheep inoculated intramuscularly with a pure culture of this microorganism. Samples of various tissues were taken for bacteriology, histopathology and immunohistochemistry. A primary antiserum against C. chauvoei for use in the PAP technique was produced in rabbits. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of muscle samples were positively and specifically stained by the PAP technique. The results were consistent with those obtained by bacteriology, but the PAP test was simpler, quicker and less expensive than the bacteriological procedures. The use of the PAP technique would be appropriate for detecting clostridial infections without the constraints of conventional identification methods, especially where laboratory conditions for anaerobic procedures are not readily available.

RNA extracted from normal liver of inbred rats was added to in vivo syngeneic peripheral leukocyte cultures enclosed within diffusion chambers, either 10 min after or 95 min before PHA. An increase in blastogenesis and DNA synthesis was observed, the highest values being obtained in 72-hour cultures when RNA waadded after PHA. Similar results were seen with RNA pretreated with RNAse, that is, with 2S fragments. In the absence of PHA, RNA had no blastogenic effect but caused a marked increase in mononuclear phagocyticcells, which could be inhibited by RNAse pretreatment

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