O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a prevalência de sífilis e HIV em parturientes atendidas nas maternidades públicas, Vitória, ES. No período de janeiro a maio 2007, elas responderam a entrevista contendo dados sócio-demográficos, comportamentais e clínicos e realizaram teste rápido, ELISA e imunofluorescência indireta para HIV; e teste rápido, VDRL e MHA-TP para sífilis. Um total de 1.380 parturientes foi incluído. A média de idade foi 24,2 (DP 6,1) anos e escolaridade 8,5 (DP 2,6) anos. A prevalência de HIV foi 0,6% (IC95% 0,2%-1,1%) e sífilis 0,4% (IC95% 0,2%-0,9%). O teste rápido para HIV foi concordante com o ELISA e a imunofluorescência indireta em todos os casos. O teste rápido para sífilis foi positivo em seis parturientes, sendo que dois resultados não foram confirmados pelo VDRL e MHA-TP. Entre 71 (5,1%) parturientes que não realizaram pré-natal, o teste rápido para sífilis foi positivo em uma e o HIV em duas delas. Os resultados indicam a importância do teste rápido para o diagnóstico de sífilis e HIV, pois há parturientes que não realizam pré-natal ou que não tem acesso ao resultado ou ao tratamento durante o pré-natal.
Adequate prenatal care provides an opportunity for counseling and reducing the complications associated with pregnancy and delivery. Our objective was to describe the demographic, behavioral, and clinical profile of the pregnant women hospitalized at public maternity hospitals and to identify factors associated with six or more prenatal consultations in Vitória, Brazil. A cross-sectional study of 1,380 women was conducted in public maternity hospitals in Vitória, Brazil. Sixty-seven percent of participants had >or=6 prenatal consultations. Reasons for hospitalization were vaginal delivery (55.7%), cesarean section (32.9%), clinical treatment (7.7%), and abortion/miscarriage (3.7%). Having >or=9 years of schooling (odds ratio, OR = 1.8; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.1-3.1), being married (OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2-2.9) and delivering at term (OR = 3.6; 95% CI: 1.6-8.2) were significantly independently associated with having >or=6 prenatal consultations. Although higher education, being married, and delivering at term were associated with >or=6 prenatal consultations in this population, the high rate of Cesarean sections demonstrates the need for ongoing educative strategies among health professionals.
Introduction
Portugal is the European country with the highest frequency of HIV‐2 infection, which is mainly concentrated in West Africa. The cumulative number of notified HIV‐2 infections in Portugal was 1813 by the end of December 2008. To better characterize the dynamics of HIV‐2 infection in the country and to obtain data that may be of use in the prevention of the spread of HIV‐2, we evaluated a large pooled sample of patients.
Patients and methods
Five Portuguese hospitals provided data on HIV‐2‐infected patients from 1984 to the end of 2007. Data concerning demographic characteristics and clinical variables were extracted. Patients were stratified according to date of diagnosis in approximately 5‐year categories.
Results
The sample included 442 patients, accounting for 37% of all HIV‐2 infections notified in Portugal during that period. HIV‐2‐infected patients showed clearly different characteristics according to the period of diagnosis. Until 2000, the majority of HIV‐2‐infected patients were Portuguese‐born males living in the north of the country. From 2000 to 2007, most of the patients diagnosed with HIV‐2 infection had a West African origin, were predominantly female and were living in the capital, Lisbon. The average age at diagnosis and loss to follow‐up significantly increased over time.
Conclusion
HIV‐2 infection has been documented in Portugal since the early 1980s and its epidemiology appears to reflect changes in population movement. These include the movements of soldiers and repatriates from African territories during the independence wars and, later, migration and mobility from high‐endemicity areas. The findings of this study stress the importance of promoting migrant‐sensitive health care.
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