In Heck reactions with tributylamine as the base and in toluene, Pd(NH3)4(2+)-mordenite (0.4 wt% Pd) and Pd0-mordenite (0.4 and 4 wt% Pd) are not only active and selective, but also truly heterogeneous catalysts, while oxidized PdII species in an all-oxygen environment, i.e. ionic Pd2+ or PdO, are prone to leaching.
Impact of Pd-Mordenite Pretreatment on the Heterogeneity of Heck Catalysis. -Pd(NH 3 ) 4 2+ -and Pd(0)-mordenites are found to be not only active and selective, but also truly heterogeneous catalysts in base-mediated Heck reactions, while Pd(II) species are prone to leaching in an all-oxygen environment. -(DAMS, M.; DRIJKONINGEN, L.; DE VOS, D.; JACOBS, P.; Chem.
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