No abstract

Influence of Fungicide Treatment on Grey Mould of CabbageThe experiments were carried out in the Institute of Horticulture in 2008-2010. The study was supported by the Lithuanian State Science and Studies Foundation. The aim of this investigation was to establish the influence of fungicides applications to control grey mould in cabbages cultivars Kingston F1, Lennox F1and Paradox F1during storage. Three fungicide applications with active ingredients azoxystrobine at the rate of 200 g·ha-1(Amistar 250 SC), boscalid at the rate of 267 g·ha-1+ pyraclostrobine at the rate of 67 g·ha-1(Signum 33 WG), tebuconazole at the rate of 250 g·ha-1(Folicur 250 EW), iprodione at the rate of 500 g·ha-1(Rovral Aqua Flo) and fluopyram at the rate of 200 g·ha-1+ tebuconazole at the rate of 200 g·ha-1(Bayer CropScience product) were made on second part of plant vegetation (growth stage by BBCH 41-46). After harvesting cabbage heads (20 units from every replication) were kept in a cold storage for four months after harvest. Obtained data showed that fungicide treatments allow for reducing the incidence of grey mould and reduced losses during the four-month storage period by average up 64.73-93.77%.

An investigation of apple sawfly (Hoplocampa testudinea Klug 1816) (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Tenthredinidae) populations was conducted in conventionally and organically managed apple orchards

No abstract

The investigation of Hoplocampa minuta (Christ, 1791) (black plum sawfly), Hoplocampa flava (Linné, 1760) (yellow plum sawfly) and Hoplocampa testudinea (Klug, 1816) (apple sawfly) populations using white sticky traps Rebell®bianco was carried out in conventionally and organically managed apple and conventionally managed plum orchards of the Institute of Horticulture of Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry in 2010 and 2011. Temperature sums for predicting sawfly spring emergence were determined: 120 ± 5 degree-days for apple sawfly, 85 ± 26 degree-days for black plum sawfly and 95 ± 28 degree-days for yellow plum sawfly. However, more years of the study are needed to confirm these temperature sums. The average densities of sawflies during the flight period were: H. minuta - 14.8 ± 7.3 sawfly trap-1 in 2010 and 54.2 ± 35.9 sawfly trap-1 in 2011; H. flava - 13.3 ± 5.2 sawfly trap-1 in 2010,and 16.6 ± 6.9 sawfly trap-1 in 2011; and H. testudinea in organic orchard - 38.3 ± 26.2 sawfly trap-1 in 2010 and 5.0 ± 2.8 sawfly trap-1 in 2011, in conventional orchard - 14.8 ± 8.1 sawfly trap-1 in 2010 and 9.3 ± 4.3 sawfly trap-1 in 2011. Conditions for development of both plum sawfly species were better in 2011, when abundance nearly reached the economic threshold. Population density, cumulative trap catches during the flight period, and damage caused by apple sawfly varied significantly between the study years and apple cultivars. In 2010, apple sawfly was more abundant and caused more serious damage than in 2011. The economic threshold of 30-40 individuals per trap was reached in 2010 due to the better conditions of development. The various apple cultivars suffered different damage levels: cv. ‘Aldas’, ‘Vitos’ and ‘Rubinola’ suffered the highest damage in the organic orchard, but no significant differences were observed. In the conventional garden, cv. ‘Auksis’ had the most damaged fruits.