Introduction: Mikania micrantha has been used traditionally for wound dressings and promoted the healing of sores. This is due to the content of alkaloids and terpenoids/steroids compounds. Hyperglycemic is a good medium for bacterial growth and inhibits the wound healing process. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the wound healing of nanogels containing MMLE in hyperglycemic rats, as a model for diabetic wounds. Methods: Mikania micrantha leaves were extracted with the maceration method using ethanol 96% in 5 days. Carbopol 940 was used as the gelling agent. The parameters observed during the physical testing of nanogels were organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, and size of the particle. Antibacterial activity was tested on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, Escherichia coli, and wound healing activity in hyperglycemic rats for 14 days observation. Diabetic wound healing was treated with 4 groups (P1, P2, K1, K2). Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: Nanogel showed homogeneity, dark green color, transparency, pH 6.1± 0.1, and particle size range in 255-456 nm. Inhibition zone of antibacterial testing i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, and Escherichia coli was 10.57 ± 0.26 mm; 9.73 ± 0.21 mm; 8.4 ± 0.1 mm. The percentage of diabetic wound healing was in the range of 92.79±3.81% to 94.08 ± 2.33% for 14 days of observation. Conclusion: MMLE nanogels have the potential as a treatment for diabetic wound healing.

Centella asiatica, Spirulina sp., Moringa oleifera have been used for traditional medicine. Studying the phytochemical constituents helps to reveal the usage of plants used as lead compounds for active pharmaceutical ingredients in commercial purposes. This study aims to determine the standardization and screening of phytochemicals from CA, ME and Spirulina. Standardization of CA, ME and spirulina showed as follows: total water 5.29 ± 1.1%; 5.98 ± 0.006% and 8.64 ± 1.16, total water soluble simplicia: 19.7± 0.57%; 10.97 ± 0.99 and 10.98 ± 1%, total ethanol soluble simplicia: 22.3 ± 0.57%; 15.99 ± 1.73% and 39.92 ± 1.73%, total ash: 23.11 ± 0.56%; 8.15 ± 0.28% and 8.65 ± 0.28%, total ash insoluble acid: 0.42 ± 0.07%; 2.15 ± 0.28% and 0.66 ± 0.28% respectively. Both simplicia of ME and spirulina contained of alkaloid, tannin, saponin, triterpene/steroid, flavonoid and glycoside whereas CA simplicia contained tannin, saponin, triterpene/steroid, flavonoid and glycoside.

Artocarpus heterophyllus (Ah) is a plant that grows in many parts of Indonesia. Its leaves are widely used for traditional uses, one of which is for facial skin care. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of its extract on facial skin smoothness. Ethanol extract of Ah (EEA) was prepared as clay mask formulation (FI: 1, F2: 3 and F3:5%) and then was applied on volunteer face. Skin smoothness improvement was measured using a skin analyzer. Standardization of simplicia and phytochemical screening of EEA were done before the test. Data were analyzed using Kruskall Wallis and Mann Whitney. Standardization yielded as follows: total water-: 5.33%, total water-soluble 15.67%, total ethanol-soluble 13.61% and total ash 10.29%. Smoothness value showed as normal skin with improvement to smooth level on EEA-treated group: FI: 9.4%; F2: 5.6%; F3:10.0%. The highest improvement percentage of skin was found in F3. Statistically, there was significantly different (p=0.046) between F0-F3. The study concludes that F3 is able to improve facial skin smoothness.