Phytopathogenic aggressiveness is the ability of a fungus to reproduce in the tissues of host plants, which is manifested in different growth rates of mycelium, intensity of spore formation, viability of fungal spores, duration of development cycle and its resistance to extreme conditions. Varieties and hybrids of crops have a significant effect on changing the aggressiveness of phytopathogenic micromycetes. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the aggressiveness of the fungus Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keiss under the influence of sunflower hybrids grown in different technologies. The influence of sunflower hybrids on the change of aggression was studied using the methods given in the methodological recommendations of M.O. Lemezi. The aggressiveness of A. alternata under the influence of sunflower hybrids grown by different technologies was analyzed. The following indicators were used for evaluation: viability of phytopathogenic micromycete spores, intensity of its spore formation and score of sunflower seedlings by the studied fungus. And also determined the degree of aggressiveness and pathogenicity of the fungus A. alternata. According to the results of the study, a high dependence of the aggressiveness of the studied micromycete on the biological properties of sunflower hybrids of different breeding origin was established. The Dushko hybrid, compared to the Oliver hybrid, both in traditional and organic cultivation technologies, can significantly reduce the aggressiveness of the phytopathogenic fungus A. alternata. This indicator should be used for ecological research of sunflower hybrids as a factor of biological pollution of the agrocenosis, that will allow to managing the stability of agroecosystems and obtain environmentally friendly and safe crop products.

Seed storage is the final stage of the technological process of its production, the purpose of which is to ensure the preservation of seed quality from its collection to use. At the same time, the loss of seeds in the process of storage of sowing conditions can cause significant losses both to the direct subjects of seed production of medicinal crops and to producers of medicinal raw materials. At the same time, questions regarding the storage terms of the seeds of sickle-leaved astragalus (Astragalus falcatus Lam.) and the rates of their loss of sowing conditions during storage remain insufficiently defined. The aim of our research was to establish the objective terms of storage of astragalus seeds with maximum preservation of their sowing qualities. The research was conducted for nine years. It was found that the surface gloss is a stable feature for the seeds of astragalus, which was not lost during storage, while the color of the seeds is a relatively unstable feature. During the first two years, no noticeable changes in the color of the seeds were noted. During storage for more than 9 years, the seeds gradually acquired a uniform reddish-brown color from greenish-yellow. The rate of loss of sowing conditions of the seeds of astragalus was determined. Freshly collected seeds were characterized by the maximum germination and hard seed rate, respectively — 84 and 14%. At the same time, the germination energy was 72%. The highest rate of germination energy of few seeds of the second year of storage is 78%. At the same time, the content of hard seeds decreased to 10%, germination decreased to 83%. Therefore, the effect of hard seed on the germination energy indicator is clearly observed, which was 7% lower immediately after harvesting and finishing the seeds compared to the seeds after a year of storage. During four years of storage, the seed germination rate decreased by only 21%, which indicates its gradual loss. The general regularity of the decrease in germination energy is also gradual. Starting from the fifth year of storage, the seeds of the studied sample began to rapidly lose their sowing qualities. Its similarity to the ninth year of storage was only 3%. It was found that the hard seed indicator was completely lost after five years of storage. It was determined that the economic durability of the seeds of the sickle-leaved astragalus is at least four years, and the biological durability lasts for nine years.

The number of colony-forming units (CFU) of micromycetes in soybean seeds of Suzirya and Kent varieties, created by Filazonite technology, was determined. A significant suppression of micromycetes was found in soybean seeds of Suzirya and Kent varieties compared to the control sample. It was established that the formation of CFU micromycetes on soybean seeds of the specified varieties is influenced by seed growing technologies and climatic conditions. Depending on these factors, the number of CFU micromycetes on soybean seeds of different varieties ranged from 0.2·104 CFU/g of seed to 1.5·104 CFU/g of seed, which is almost 2.5 times less than the amount in the control sample (from 0.8·104 CFU/g to 2.7·104 CFU/g of seeds). It was established that the species of phytopathogenic micromycetes belonging to the genera Alternaria, Fusarium, and Penicillium dominate in the soybean seeds of Suzirya and Kent varieties. They are factors of biological pollution of agrophytocenoses and reduction of biosafety of products. The changes in the quality indicators of the researched varieties of soybean seeds, grown under conditions of organic production using biological technologies, were determined. Based on the results of three-year research, it was established that the indicators of the content of protein and oil in the seeds of Kent and Suzirya varieties in all variants were higher than the normative indicators specified in DSTU 4964:2008. TU. SOY. At the same time, the indicator of the mass fraction of seed moisture did not exceed the permissible norms. It was established that the biochemical composition of soybean seeds had a certain influence on the genotypes of the varieties, as well as the types of soil and the climatic conditions of the growing technology. Depending on these factors, the content of protein in the soybean seeds of the studied varieties ranges from 37.5% to 41.11%, fat from 19.02% to 21.7%, and the mass fraction of moisture from 8.8% to 11.4%.

The problem of environmentalization of agricultural production is extremely important in a scientific and applied sense, the main task of which is to provide the population with food products, prevent crop losses from harmful objects, and protect the environment from excessive chemical load. Accordingly, an alternative solution in overcoming the negative consequences of chemicalization of agricultural production and improving the quality of seed products is the use of environmentally safe plant protection measures. Protection against phytopathogenic microorganisms is an important component of technologies for growing various crops. After all, in soybean agrocenoses there is an accumulation of an infectious background of phytopathogenic micromycetes, among which species of the genus Penicillium, Aspergillus, Alternaria, and Fusarium predominate, which can cause outbreaks of many plant diseases (root rot, Alternaria, Fusarium, late blight, anthracnose, cercosporosis). Phytotoxic metabolites of necrotrophic phytopathogenic fungi, which are able to accumulate in soil, seeds and plant residues, deserve special attention. After all, mycotoxins lead to a decrease in the yield and quality of grain, as well as the quality of food products, which negatively affects their ecological safety, and this, in turn, can cause poisoning of humans and animals. The use of biofungicides is aimed at controlling diseases and reducing their harmful effects. Seed treatment leads to disinfection of seed material and protection of young plants from various infections. Therefore, the use of useful microorganisms, which are part of biological preparations, which effectively affect the processes of functioning of agroecosystems, is relevant.

The article presents the results of the analysis of biodiversity and spatial-functional structure of the microbial complex on the vegetative organs of soybean plants. Ways of regulation of the number of phytopathogenic micromycetes on vegetative organs of plants of different soybean varieties in the conditions of organic production have been developed. The interaction of Kent and Constellation soybean plants with phytopathogenic micromycetes in the conditions of organic production in the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (Skvyra Research Station of Organic Production of IAP NAAS) was studied. The number of phytopathogenic micromycetes on vegetative organs of plants of different soybean varieties depending on the variety and technology of its cultivation was determined. It has been experimentally proven that the biological product Filazonit controls the formation of phytopathogenic micromycetes on the vegetative organs of Kent and Constellation soybean plants during ontogenesis compared to the control and ranges from 0.3 to 3.3 thousand CFU/g of green mass depending on the variety. It was found that the vegetative organs of soybean plants of both varieties are dominated by representatives of the genera Cladosporium (C. herbarum Lket Gray), Alternaria, (A. alternate (Fr.) Keissl.), Fusarium (F. grameniarum Schleht), Aspergillus (A. flavus) Link.), Sclerotinia (S. sclerotiorum (Lib.)). It is determined that the number of phytopathogenic micromycetes in the mycobioma of vegetative organs of soybean plants depends on the variety and technology of its cultivation. The relationship between the development of micromycetes and the use of biological product Filazonit, as in the seeds of soybean varieties Constellation (germination phase — H05=0.5 and H05=0.3; flowering phase — H05=0.4 and H05=0.3), and on the Kent variety (seedling phase — H05=0.9 and H05=0.7; flowering phase — H05=0.8 and H05=0.6). The relationship between the development of micromycetes and the hydrothermal coefficient — in the germination phase and in the flowering phase.