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Aim. To determine the family accumulation of multifactorial diseases in genealogies of patients with mental disorders (MD). Methods. Genealogical analysis was carried out in the families of patients with MD by the generally accepted method. Statistical analysis of the results of research was carried out using Excel software package and SPSS Statistics 17.0. Results. The genealogical analysis of patients showed that 58.8 % of families of probands with phobic-anxiety disorders (PAD) and 74.4 % of families of patients with anxiety-depressive disorders (ADD) had genetic burden for MD. In both groups, in relatives of sick probands, psychiatric, neurological and cardiovascular diseases were significantly more often, compared to the frequency of these diseases among members of families of healthy peers, moreover in families of patients with PAD endocrine diseases were more frequent. Conclusions. The genetic burden in children and adolescents with PAD and ADD has been determined. Among the multifactorial diseases in the families of patients with PAD and ADD mental, neurological and cardiovascular diseases and unfavorable factors of environment significantly prevailed. Keywords: genealogies, patients, mental disorders, multifactorial diseases.

Objective. To determine hereditary and environmental factors, resulting in the formation of physical and sexual development disorders in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM 1).Methods and materials. The genealogical analysis was performed in the families of 50 patients aged 8 to 18 years (22 boys and 28 girls) with DM 1, who were examined at the Institute of Child and Adolescent Health of the NAMS of Ukraine. Harmonious physical development was observed in 16 boys and 10 girls, disharmonious development — in 6 and 18, respectively. The nature of puberty, which corresponded to the normative values, was registered in 19 boys and 23 girls, and puberty disorders were observed in 3 boys and 5 girls.Results. According to the genealogical analysis data, boys with DM 1 with harmonious physical development were more likely to be born with low body weight, they were more likely to undergo surgery compared to the girls with normal sexual development. Mothers of boys with harmonious and disharmonious physical development were significantly less likely to register stress before pregnancy compared to mothers of diabetic girls with different levels of physical development. The DM 1 boys with sexual development disorders significantly more likely to be born with the increased body mass in comparison with the DM 1 girls with sexual development disorders. Hereditary burden of diabetes in the girls with harmonious and disharmonious physical development exceeded in 1.8 and 2.8 times that in boys with corresponding physical development, and in girls with normal sexual development it was in 1.7 times oftener than in the boys. Cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases prevailed in the relatives of diabetic boys with harmonious physical development, and in the relatives of boys with disharmonious physical development, the cardiovascular and neurological diseases dominated, and gastrointestinal pathology was rarer than the incidence of these diseases in the relatives of diabetic girls with various levels of physical development. At the same time, relatives of boys with the normal sexual development had predominantly endocrine and neurological diseases, and relatives of boys with sexual development disorders had more often cardiovascular diseases in comparison with the incidence of these pathologies in relatives of girls with various levels of sexual development.Conclusions. It can be assumed that the presence of DM 1, especially diagnosed in childhood, may adversely affect the formation and functioning of the reproductive system in adolescence. Moreover, one should consider the impact of environmental factors and diabetes hereditary burden on their health.

Background and aimsAnxiety-phobic disorders are caused both by environmental and hereditary factors. The study was designed to determine the level of chromosomal aberrations in the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of children and adolescents of both sexes with phobic-anxiety disorders (PAD).Patients and methodsCytogenetic analysis was performed in 27 children and adolescents of both sexes with PAD, aged 9–15 years; the control group consisted of 50 healthy peers of both genders. Statistical analysis-Excel and SPSS statistics 17.0.ResultsCytogenetic analysis of patients with PAD and in healthy age-matched individuals has established normal female (46,XX) and male (46,XY) karyotypes. The frequency of the chromosomal aberrations (CA) spontaneous level in the PBL is 4.6 times higher than the CA frequency in healthy persons. In children and adolescents with the disease, the spontaneous frequency of aberrations of chromatid and chromosome types is also significantly higher than the same in healthy children and adolescents. Single acentric fragments and exchanges prevail among the chromatid–type aberrations; pair acentric fragments prevail among the chromosome–type aberrations. An increase in the frequency of the chromosome-type aberrations has been revealed in boys with PAD (1.72 vs.0.55 per100 cells in healthy boys, P < 0.001 by pair acentric fragments), in comparison with healthy boys; and the chromatid–type aberrations have been observed in girls with PAD (3.22 vs.0.94 per 100 cells in healthy girls, P < 0.001 by single acentric fragments), in comparison with healthy girls. A pronounced individual variability of CA frequency, which ranges in our patients from 2.0 to18.0 per 100 metaphase plates, has been found along with an increase in the CA level in patients with PAD.ConclusionChildren and adolescents with PAD require a careful cytogenetic analysis and the consequent therapeutic measures for genome stabilization.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.