The researches executed under the grant of SPSUACE present that a biochemical process of Cr(6+) recovery in a biomembrane reactor with immobilized bacterial cells is significantly more efficient in comparison to using the free-floating microorganisms. The possibility of chrome-reduction using the immobilized bacterial cells in biocatalytic membranes is proved. It is discovered that the efficient Cr (6+) recovery comes at the equal rates of diffusion and biochemical process. It is found that Cr(6+) reduction in the membrane bioreactor may be achieved at the portion injection of Cr(6+) but the compound concentration should not exceed 20 mg/dm 3. Р. mendocina Р-13 immobilized bacteria reduces Cr (6+) content from 20 up to 0 mg/dm 3 at its five-time introduction with a linear velocity after which the reaction ceases due to the cell metabolite formation. The treatment process continuation is only possible after the cultural medium replacement with fresh solution. The biochemical process can be controlled by ORP monitoring. It is found that using the Р. mendocina cells immobilized on membranes, the chromate-reduction process is efficient at the ORP values below 400 MV, that is, within the range of aerobic process course. Thus, Cr (6+) can be recovered by the agents of different genera and types of both optionally and obligatory anaerobic bacteria as well as the aerobes capable of anaerobic respiration. Moreover, some of them can be successfully used for the contaminated water treatment from this toxic compound.
Аннотация В статье рассматриваются гидротехнические мероприятия по восстановлению экологического состояния уже эвтрофированных водоемов: увеличение проточности и водообмена, промывание, аэрирование и др. Обсуждаются также биологические способы борьбы с «цветением», разведение раститетельноядных рыб, вселение организмов-антагонистов фитопланктона, использование макрофитов для аккумуляции биогенов и др. Ключевые слова: эфтрофирование, биогенные вещества, вторичные загрязнения, аэрирование, гидродинамика водоема, рекультивация, биологические методы.
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