Thin films of Sb 2 Te 3 and (Sb 2 Te 3 ) 70 (Bi 2 Te 3 ) 30 alloy and have been deposited on precleaned glass substrate by thermal evaporation technique in a vacuum of 2× 10 −6 Torr. The structural study was carried out by X-ray diffractometer, which shows that the films are polycrystalline in nature. The grain size, microstrain and dislocation density were determined. The Seebeck coefficient was determined as the ratio of the potential difference across the films to the temperature difference. The power factor for the (Sb 2 Te 3 ) 70 (Bi 2 Te 3 ) 30 and (Sb 2 Te 3 ) is found to be 19.602 and 1.066 of the film of thickness 1,500 Å, respectively. The Van der-Pauw technique was used to measure the Hall coefficient at room temperature. The carrier concentration was calculated and the results were discussed.
Lead Telluride (PbTe) films of different thickness were prepared onto precleaned glass substrates under the pressure of 2×10 −5 Torr by thermal evaporation. X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, and current-voltage characteristics were used to characterize the films. The structural analysis of the films was carried using X-ray diffractometer. The surface morphology was analyzed by using scanning electron microscope. The dc electrical conduction mechanism in vacuum-evaporated Al/PbTe/Al thin film sandwich system in the thickness range 500-5,000 Å at different temperature (303-483 K) was found to be a modified Poole-Frenkel type. The results of variation of activation energy with applied voltage and thickness are discussed.
The low availability of fossil fuels, high expenditure, and serious environmental impacts are the key to sustainable clean and green energy development. Molybdenum-based electrode materials are identified as effective electrodes to improve energy storage devices' performances. In this work, pure and different rare earth (neodymium and gadolinium) doped MoS 2 electrodes are successfully prepared by employing the hydrothermal method. Doping rare earth elements with metal sulfides would be beneficial for combining with functional groups due to the 4f vacant orbital. Macroscopic analysis exposed the morphological variations from sphere to sheet by the effect of doping. The sheet-like Gd-doped MoS 2 nanostructures exhibited the maximum 357 F/g@10 mV/s specific capacitance from CV and 231.38 F/g@1 A/g from GCD with a prolonged cycling life of 81.50% over 5000 cycles. EIS spectra revealed the lowest solution and charge transfer resistance for Gd-doped MoS 2 materials, which suggests the high conductivity of the material. The strategies and results outlined in this paper are expected to trigger the search for completely new rare earth-doped metal sulfides for efficient energy storage applications.
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