A considerable limiting factor in growing high yields of winter wheat is the level of crops weediness. The system of prime tillage based on the crop biological peculiarities and segetal vegetation, preceding crops, as well as weather conditions plays a significant role in controlling the weediness of agrophytocenoses. The research was aimed at studying the quantitative and species composition of weed synusia of winter wheat depending on the main tillage. A long-term stationary experiment investigated into the influence of the main tillage on the weediness of the agrophytocenosis depending on stages of the development of winter wheat on BBCH scale. Over the years of the study, the largest number of weeds in the agrophytocenosis of winter wheat (52.7-81.4 pcs/m 2) was observed in the main sprout phase, depending on the method of tillage. Ripping with a blade cultivator as well as disc plowing lead to an increase in weediness of agrophytocenosis of winter wheat by 30.2-40.6 %, respectively, compared to ploughing. With a not uniform depth ploughing, the amount of segetal vegetation in winter wheat crops increases by 54.4% compared to the soil cultivation by means of different ploughs. The change in the species composition of the segetal component of the agrophytocenosis of winter wheat in the main sprout phase (BBCH 31-39) depending on the method of basic tillage has been observed. Nine species of annual weeds identified were represented by four biological groups: early spring weeds-Chenopodium album L.; late spring weeds-Setaria glauca L., Amaranthus retroflexus L.; wintering-Centaurea cyanus L., Matricaria perforata Merat.; winter-Bromus secalinus L. and Apera spic-aventi L. Among the perennial weeds, root species such as Convolvulus arvensis L. and Sonchus arvensis L. were widespread. The dominant species in the structure of the weed group were Bromus secalinus L. (20-22 %) and Apera spic-aventi L (40-47 %).

кандидат біологічних наук, доцент кафедри екології та ботаніки, Сумський національний аграрний університет (м. Суми), Україна ВЕГЕТАТИВНЕ РОЗМНОЖЕННЯ CHRYSANTHEMUMX KOREANUM MAKAI В УМОВАХ ННВК СУМСЬКОГО НАУ Анотація. В статті наведено результати досліджень вегетативного розмноження декількох сортів дрібноквіткових хризантем, перспективних для використання в озелененні в умовах північного сходу України на базі навчально-наукового виробничого комбінату Сумського національного аграрного університету. Розглянуто дію штучних гормональних стимуляторів коренеутворення на процес укорінення і розвитку ^^ап^етитхкогеапит Makai. Встановлено, що коренеутворювальні процеси на живцях хризантеми корейської різних сортів в умовах закритого ґрунту проходять достатньо активно як при використанні фітогормонів, так і без них. Але у варіантах з використанням гетероауксину на живцях утворюється найбільш розвинута коренева система, на що вказують результати морфометричних досліджень.

In the north-western region, barley is the main forage crop. Annually increasing demand of agriculture in forages challenges to create highly adaptive cultivars which under the conditions of unstable moistening and low fertility of sod-podzolic soils are capable to give high yields with good quality of production, resistant to the most widespread abiotic and biotic stressors. The objective of our research was to create new genotypes of spring barley with high economic and valuable characteristics of productivity. The research task was to study new collection samples of spring barley Hordeum vulgare L. by productivity and the main elements of the crop structure and to determine the indices of ecological plasticity, prospectivity, ear grain content, resistance to lodging and to determine the share of the ear in the total length of the stem, which characterize the adaptive ability of a cultivar. The research material was 14 new cultivars of spring barley obtained from the Federal Research Center “N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources”. The studies were conducted according to generally accepted methods. As a result of the work, the best cultivars for all studied characteristics were selected: Suzdalets (Russia), Chill (Germany), Zhana (France). These samples will be actively used in hybridization to create new genotypes of spring barley.

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