According to the goals and objectives of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation for 2011-2020 studying and monitoring the rare component of regional floras is highly relevant. This article presents the results of a nature conservation study of the flora of the Desna Plateau (Кrolevets' and Hlukhiv geobotanic region), situated in the northeast part of Ukraine at the border line of two geomorphological regions (the Central Russian Upland and the Polesia-Dnipro lowland) and of two physical-geographical zones (Novhorod-Sivers`ke Polesia and the Sums`ky forest-steppe. In the orographic aspect, the territory is made up of the western spurs of the Central Russian Upland with the dissectioned forms of the relief. The studied area consists of about 4000 km 2 . Field route studies aimed at compiling floral lists, geobotanical description and herbarizing were conducted in the period 2002-2016. Separate sites of nature conservation interest were re-examined in different seasonal periods. The basis of the annotated summary of the rare species of vascular plant flora is made up by the materials of original research, as well as herbarium (KW) and literary reviews. The complex floristic analysis of the rare component of the regional flora was carried out in cameral conditions, which made it possible to identify the systematic, geographical, ecological, phytocenological and nature conservation structures of the rare species of vascular plant flora in the investigated area. According to the data received, the total number of species of vascular plants endangered by anthropogenic impact is composed of 85 species belonging to 32 families, 54 genera. Among the families, the following predominate: Orchidaceae (14 genera), Asteraceae, Ranunculaceae (8 genera in each), Iridaceae (5), Aspidiaceae, Cyperaceae (4 genera in each). Among the genera, the following predominate -Carex (4 species); Dryopteris, Orchis, Iris, Jurinea -3 species in each. It was concluded that among the rare species there are plant species of different physical and geographical zones and this corresponds to the ecotone location of the region. Among species at the edge of their range, 14 are on the extreme northern border of their typical range (Linum flavum L., Carex rhizina Blytt ex Lindb., Centaurea ruthenica Lam., Trinia multicaulis Schishk, Aster amellus L., Galatella linosyris (L.) Rchb. f., Stipa tirsa Steven), 7 species are found on the southern border of their range (Cypripedium calceolus L., Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum L., Parnassia palustris L., Lycopodium annotinum L., 4 species (Anemone nemorosa L., Salix myrsinifolia Salisb., Galanthus nivalis L., Gladiolus imbricatus L. are found on the eastern border of their distribution. The nature conservation structure includes 4 species from the Bern Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (Dracocephalum ruyschiana L., Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill s.l., Salvinia natans L., Ostericum palustre (Bess) Bess); 3 species from the supplement to the CITES Convention (Adonis vernalis...

Aim. In the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, there were significant changes in the hemp growing that affected the improvement of morphological, biological and economic properties, by providing the opportunity, on the example of new varieties, to declare the creation of a new subset of sown hemp in which the main achievements of breeders and seedlings were accumulated. Methods. With the creation of the Institute of Bast Crops, scientific breeding has begun, based on improved and developed new breeding methods that include several significant steps as increasing of the yield of created monoecious form, as the elimination of their narcotic properties. Results. For the first time in the world, non-drug hemp that can produce high yields of straw, fiber and seeds while maintaining immunity to damage to pests and diseases were created. Conclusions. Responding to the doubts of tax of collectors and botanists about the classification of the hemp family, we share the opinion of the first scientists and our teachers that include Cannabis sativa L. and Cannabis indica L. to one species of Cannabis sativa L., combining all kinds and varieties. The elimination of a number of high-yielding varieties of non-drug monoecious hemp, which became the result of long-term breeding, testifies the creation of a new variety of Cannabis sativa L. convar non-narcotic Vyrovets, emphasizing the leadership and executive role of Professor V. Vyrovets during a long selection process. Keywords: hemp, genus, variety, geographical types, selection, productivity, elimination of narcotic.

Aim. An ancient dream of hemp farmers was the breeding of new varieties of monoecious hemp. The unexpected problem of hemp production has arisen the need to attract scientific breeding to create the world's first non-narcotic highly productive hemp. Methods. Measures of unconscious selection of plants in the period of threshing under the name "sichka" and "molochka" served as a prototype. The development of breeding methods was carried out in parallel to solve the problems of increasing the fiber content in the stems, the simultaneity of maturation, the creation of a new monoecious form of hemp, increase the yield of fiber and seeds and the removal of narcotically neutral new varieties. Results. Breeders of different generations researched and created new high-performance non-narcotic varieties of dioecious, simultaneously ripening and monoecious hemp varieties such as Hlukhivski 1, Hlukhivski 10, US 6, USO 1, USO 14, USO 16, Dniprovski odnodomni 6, USO 31, Hliana, Hlesia and others. Conclusions. Many years of cultivation of hemp and the creation of all new varieties of them showed that with a long substantiated study of this culture it is possible to obtain new information as yet unknown, due to the versatile differentiation of this culture by sexual types, openly showing the morphological and biological features of the sexes, representing gender forms that gradually change into one another, bringing researchers closer to new discoveries in genetics. Keywords: hemp, hemp forms, methods and ways of breeding, breeding varieties.

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