Aim.To use the ability of potato leafroll virus (PLRV) to infect and multiply in mammalian continuous cell lines to purify PLRV isolates from the vegetative plant material, and to study the pathogenicity of those isolates for plants (after culturing in mammalian continuous cell line), to investigate morphological, physical-chemical, biological and antigen properties of PLRV isolates from mammalian cells and to study an alternative diagnostic method -the neutralization test in the mammalian continuous cell lines. Methods. The methods of cultivating animal viruses in the mammalian continuous cell line, microscopical biochemical, and serological methods, the method of arti¿ cial nutrition of aphids are detailed under Material and Methods. Results. It was demonstrated that successful cultivation of PLRV in mammalian continuous cell line allowed obtaining pure virus isolates from potato plants and aphids and preserving them for a long time (over a period of 7 years). The cultivation of PLRV in the mammalian continuous cell line did not impact its pathogenic properties and allowed transmitting the virus to plants. Continuous cells lines of pig embryonic kidney (PEKV), of kidney Syrian hamster (BHK-21), of testicles of piglets (PTP), of kidneys of the bull (MDBC), and of carcinoma rabbit kidney (RK-13) were found to be sensitive to PLRV, Con tinuous cell lines of human (HeLa, Hep-2 and of African green monkey kidney (Vero) were not infected by the virus. The infectious activity of PLRV in the sensitive continuous cell lines was 20-8.5 lg TCD 50 /ml depending on the cell line. The isolates of PLRV were resistant to lipiddissolving solvents, multiplied in a pH range from 4.0 till 10.0 and were thermoresistant at 50 ºɋ in the absence of bivalent ions of magnesium, ɌIP was in the range of 60-65 ºɋ under our experimental conditions. The optimal temperature for the reproduction of PLRV in the cell culture was c. 24 °ɋ. The use of neutralization test in the mammalian continuous cell line allowed isolation in pure culture and identi¿ cation of PLRV reliably in a time span of c. 14 days. Conclusions. It was proven that PLRV can be cultivated in the mammalian continuous cell lines of PEKV, ȼɇɄ-21, PTV, MDȼɄ and RK-13. It was established that the cultivation of PLRV in these continuous cell lines did not impact its biological, pathogenic, antigenic and physical-chemical properties. The identi¿ cation of pure cultures of PLRV obtained in mammalian cells can be reliably performed by the use of neutralization reaction.

Objective. Monitoring observations over the phytovirological condition of potato planting in different regions of Ukraine, taking into account potato degeneration zones. Methods. Laboratory (virological, immunological, electronic microscopy), field, statistical. Results. The map and diagrams show the results of monitoring studies conducted in 2016–2020, during which 435 varieties of potatoes of Ukrainian and foreign selection were tested. In the zone of the lowest degeneration or the zone with a relatively low degree of infectious load, 100 % spread of pathogenic complexes involving potato virus Y in the Region of Zakarpattia, potato viruses M and Y in the Region of Chernivtsi, ranging from 89 % to 100 %. In the zone of strong degeneration of the culture or the zone with a high degree of infectious load, spread of pathogens of potato viral diseases is from 94 % to 100 %, and the vast majority of viruses belongs to pathogens of severe viral diseases. In the zones of mild and moderate degeneration, which belong to the zones with relatively low degree and with moderate degree of infectious load according to another diagram, potato virus M in monoinfection from 17 % to 50 %, in the pathogenic complex with potato virus S from 8 % to 36 %, with potato virus Y from 6 % to 32 % was detected. In the Region of Kyiv, the spread of potato virus Y+S complex reaches 65 %. In all areas, there is an extremely high level of infection of the culture with potato virus M, which is the cause of severe viral diseases of potatoes. Conclusion. The results of phytovirological monitoring show that the boundaries between potato degeneration zones are smoothed down. Climatic changes, active resettlement of virus vectors, intensification of trade relations with the constant import of foreign potato seed material result in the significant spread of pathogens of potato viral diseases.

Вивчали противірусну дію 2',5''-триолігоаденілата та його похідних на модельних системах культури мишачих фібробластів L929 із вірусом вісповакцини, на культурі перевитих клітин тестикул поросяти з вірусом хвороби Ауєскі (штам «БУК-628») та референтним штамом вірусу трансмісивного гастроентериту свиней (штам «Пурдью-115»). Противірусну дію препаратів оцінювали за зниженням титру вірусу lg ТЦД-50 (тканинна цитопатична дія). За результатами проведеної роботи можна припустити, що 2\5'-триолігоаденілат та його похідні є перспективними противірусними препаратами, які діють на ДНКта РНК-вмісні віруси.

Objective. Determine the phytovirological condition of potato crops in the agrocenosis of Carpathian economic area on the basis of obtaining and systematisation of data on the composition of the viral population. Methods. The methods of visual and serological diagnostics, electronic microscopy (EM) of native specimens, biotesting were used to detect and identify potato viruses. For carrying out serological analyses, antisera were used to detect potato viruses obtained in the Virology Laboratory of the Institute of Agricultural Microbiology and Agroindustrial Manufacture of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Results. The high level of contamination of potato plants by viral diseases was shown in western Ukraine in the Carpathian economic are, which includes the Region of Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Zakarpattia and Chernivtsi. According to the results of immunological studies in plants of examined varieties of potatoes of Ukrainian and foreign breeding, M-, S-, Y-potato viruses were identified, both as mono-infection and in the composition of pathogenic complexes. It was found that the spread of viral infection in potato varieties reaches 25-100%, latent damage to plants — 53%. The results of field testing show a high degree of contamination of potato crops and a change in the species composition of viral pathogens. In 2019, 68.7% of the selected plant material was identified as contaminated by MPV, 50% — by YPV and 40.6% — by SPV. No X- and A-viruses of potato previously diagnosed in potato agrocenoses were detected. Analysis of varietal samples revealed viruses in plants of 87.5% of varieties: in most samples the M-virus of potatoes was detected both with manifestation of twisting, wrinkling of leaves, weak mosaic in pathogenic complexes (MPV + SPV — 15.6%; MPV + YPV — 15.6%; MPV + SPV + YPV) and in case of latent infection (37.5%). Y potato virus was found in plants 50.0% for the manifestation of mosaic in the pathogenic complexes MPV + YPV — 15.6%; SPV + YPV — 6.2%; MPV + SPV + YPV — 18.7% and monoinfection — 9.37%. Conclusion. The spread of potato viral diseases in the agrocenoses of western Ukraine necessitates the careful protection and constant phytovirological control of seed material, detection of viral pathologies, identification of their pathogens using laboratory methods and modern diagnostic means.

Article presents the results of biological activity study of complex preparations of microbial origin. It was established that complex preparation created on basis the biocomplex of culture of pseudomonades and yeast manan possess strongly pronounced antiviral activity and stimulatory action on cellular link of animal immunity.