Universal Serial Bus (USB) is rapidly replacing the serial port on Personal Computers (PC). It provides high speed flexible interconnectivity between a PC and its peripherals. It is a low cost solution which supports data transfer rates up to lZMhps (USB 1.0) and 480Mhps (USB 2.0). It also provides 5V supply to the peripheral device. High level of emission was observed in the power supply wires of the USB while a satellite receiver (peripheral) was evaluated for its functionality. On analysis, it was observed that emission from USB can affect the performance of the peripheral unit depending on the sensitivity of peripheral device to the power supply spurious noise. In this paper, the emissions from a typical PC and methods towards improvement of the emissions are analysed. Precautions to he taken whenever any peripheral device is evaluated, for EM1 performance, are discussed. USB, even though a powerful interface, should he carefully used for a overall performance of the system in which it is utilized.
UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUSUSB is a small port similar to a RJ-45 or connector provided in Personal Computers. Many types of devices can be connected to the PC using USB. For example, keyboards, mouse, scanners, finger print scanners etc. that are usually connected to a serial or parallel port can be connected to the USB.The higher data rate of USB 2.0 i.e. 480Mbps opens up the possibility of connecting next generation, higher speed and higher resolution printer and scanner devices. USB transfers signals and power over a four-wire cable as shown in Figure 1.The signaling occurs over two wires. There are two data rates in USB 1.0 itself:
1The full speed signaling at 12 Mbps rate.
Power consumption plays a significant role in any integrated circuit. In this study, an explicit type pulse trigger flip-flop is implemented using the CMOS 90 nm technology. For low-power dissipation, 1 V supply will optimize the size of gate terminal. This explicit type flip-flop uses an explicit source for pulse generation, that is, the double edge-triggered pulse generator, which requires half of clock frequency compared to the single edge-triggered pulse generator. The proposed new double edge-triggered pulse generator uses the pulse generation logic, which is used to share many numbers of flip-flop results at low power. In this article, circuits with low power, low heat generation, and increased durability are achieved.
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