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ABSTRACT:The thermal and flame-retardant properties of phenol-formaldehyde-type resins (crosslinked and noncrosslinked) in mixtures with triphenyl phosphate and styrene-acrylonitrile resins were evaluated. The mixtures show a synergistic effect between triphenyl phosphate and novolacs. Those containing phenol-formaldehyde novolac resins are found to be most flame retardant. There does not seem to be a relationship between the oxygen index (OI) and UL 94 tests. Scanning electron microscopy analysis show a surface structure with cavities and stratification, very similar to that of intumescent additives. Evidence was found indicating that this flame-retardant system works in both the gas and condensed phase.

The thermal and flame‐retardant properties of phenol–formaldehyde‐type resins (crosslinked and noncrosslinked) in mixtures with triphenyl phosphate and styrene–acrylonitrile resins were evaluated. The mixtures show a synergistic effect between triphenyl phosphate and novolacs. Those containing phenol–formaldehyde novolac resins are found to be most flame retardant. There does not seem to be a relationship between the oxygen index (OI) and UL 94 tests. Scanning electron microscopy analysis show a surface structure with cavities and stratification, very similar to that of intumescent additives. Evidence was found indicating that this flame‐retardant system works in both the gas and condensed phase. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 68: 1067–1076, 1998

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