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Analyzing and Interpreting Data Analyze data using tools, technologies, and/or models (e.g., computational, mathematical) in order to make valid and reliable scientific claims or determine an optimal design solution. Analyze data using computational models in order to make valid and reliable scientific claims. Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions Design or refine a solution to a complex real-world problem, based on scientific knowledge, students-generated sources of evidence, prioritized criteria, and tradeoff considerations. Students examine relevant data sets to look for patterns and relationships in data. Students use an online simulation to model energy flow into and out of the atmosphere. Students explain the effects of increasing CO 2 concentration and propose solutions to help mitigate climate change. Disciplinary Core Ideas ESS2.A: Earth Materials and Systems Earth's systems, being dynamic and interacting, cause feedback effects that can increase or decrease the original changes. ESS2.D: Weather and Climate The foundation for Earth's global climate systems is the electromagnetic radiation from the sun, as well as its reflection, absorption, storage, and redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and land systems, and this energy's re-radiation into space. ESS3.C: Human Impacts on Earth Systems Scientists and engineers can make major contributions by developing technologies that produce less pollution and waste that preclude ecosystem degradation. Student groups discuss and analyze the Keeling Curve and its relationship to climate change. Students complete a research paper and presentation about the effects of industrialization in developing areas on global climate. Crosscutting Concepts Stability and Change Feedback (negative or positive) can stabilize or destabilize a system. Students participate in a Model United Nations-type forum debating the causes and effects of climate change, and recommend personal, local, and international solutions.

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The primary area of her work is evaluating STEM education projects that focus on opportunities for, and retention of, K-20 students in STEM areas, majors and fields. She also conducts education research focusing on questions about professional development for educators and how educators support student learning in STEM.