A total of 103 pooled samples of neck skin and meat from pigeons for the table and neck skin of pheasant were analyzed bacteriologically to determine the presence of Campylobacter. Colonies suspected of being Campylobacter were grown from 15.8% of pigeon neck skin samples, 12.5% of pigeon meat samples, and 50% of pheasant neck skin samples after culturing, and in 6.9% of pigeon neck skin samples (4 x 10(2) to 2 x 10(3) CFU/g) assessed quantitatively without preculturing. PCR confirmed the presence of Campylobacter spp. in 5.26 and 3.44% of samples of pigeon neck skin and meat, respectively. Species identified from pigeon neck skin samples by PCR were C. jejuni (3 of 3) and C. coli (1 of 3); no C. lari was identified. No species were identified by PCR in pheasant neck skin. We conclude that the small number of Campylobacter-positive pigeon samples presents a low risk of Campylobacter infection to Italian consumers, particularly since pigeon is always well cooked before consumption, although there is always the possibility of cross-contamination with raw or insufficiently cooked foods particularly during food preparation.
Le carni fresche ed i prodotti carnei ready-to-eat sono una delle principali vie di trasmissione di Listeria monocytogenes all'uomo, particolarmente in persone immunocompromesse, ma anche in soggetti immunocompetenti, sebbene con prevalenze e quadri clinici differenti fra loro (1).Si stima, infatti, che tra i soggetti ipoergici colpiti da listeriosi si può raggiungere una letalità del 30-50%, con quadri neurologici e setticemici. Nelle donne in gravidanza, il batterio può colpire anche il feto in utero, con gravi danni sistemici, possibile morte e conseguente aborto. In Inghilterra e Galles tra il 1996 e il 2000, si sono registrati 221 casi di listeriosi, con ben 78 decessi (2). Tra agosto e settembre 2008, in Canada, in -seguito al consumo di prodotti carnei, si sono avuti 56 casi di listeriosi con 20 morti (3).Nei soggetti immunocompetenti, la listeriosi assume per lo più un andamento benigno, con sintomi gastroenterici che in genere si esauriscono in pochi giorni, senza gravi complicazioni (1). La quasi totalità dei casi umani è connessa alla catena alimentare (4). Inoltre, data l'ampia diffusione nell'ambiente e la sua frequente presenza negli alimenti destinati al consumo umano, L. monocytogenes costituisce uno dei microrganismi patogeni di maggiore interesse per i veterinari igienisti e per gli addetti al controllo dei processi produttivi nelle industrie alimentari.Vari studi condotti in Italia ed in Europa, negli ultimi anni, dimostrano altresì che gli animali da reddito possono essere portatori asintomatici del batterio nel contenuto intestinale; in fase di macellazione il germe può contaminarne le carcasse e da lì discendere lungo la filiera produttiva, arrivando alle carni fresche sezionate e macinate e anche ai SUMMARYListeria monocytogenes is an ubiquitous pathogen occasionally present in the intestinal tract of various animal species. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in faeces of healthy cattle at slaughtering. Listeria spp. was isolated in 18 out of 220 (8.2%) faecal samples, and Listeria monocytogenes was isolated in 3 faecal samples (1.4%). From the 220 faecal samples were also isolated 9 strains of L. grayi, 4 strains of L. innocua and 2 strains of L. ivanovii. Although limited, our results show that animal faeces can represent a source of L. monocytogenes contamination of carcasses in abattoirs and can be a potential hazard to human health.
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