No abstract

Nyirih is a plant from the Meliaceae family with the Latin name Xylocarpus granatum J.Koeing, this nyirih spreads in tropical waters and does not cluster in certain areas. This study aims to determine the total phenolic content of the stem bark extract of nyirih (Xylocarpus granatum J.Koeing) using the UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. The stem bark extract of nyirih (Xylocarpus granatum J. Koeing) was obtained with maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. Determination of total phenolic content based on the Folin-Ciocalteau method, where the addition of 7% sodium carbonate provides an alkaline atmosphere that will produce phenolic ions. Furthermore, it will reduce Follin to form a blue complex. At a maximum wavelength of 755 nm, the results showed that the average total phenolic content of the stem bark extract of nyirih (Xylocarpus granatum J. Koeing) was 6.163 mg GAE / g extract.

Diabetes mellitus is still a global health problem that continues to increase rapidly and become one of the major metabolic diseases throughout the world. This study aims to determine the potential of Buni fruit as an α-glucosidase inhibitor. α-glucosidase inhibition test is carried out on a blank solution (test solution without sample/standard), acarbose solution as a comparison standard and samples are carried out in accordance with the optimization conditions obtained. The rendemen percent of green and red buni fruit extract yields are 6.35% and 3.09%, respectively. The results of the identification of secondary metabolites using TLC showed that green and red buni fruit extract contains flavonoid, phenolic and alkaloid compounds. The results of the α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition test showed that the red buni fruit extract had the highest activity compared to green buni fruit extract with an IC50 value of 85.27 ppm.

Mahoni is a medical plant which have the potential as drug. The aims of this research were to analysis phytochemical content and to test the toxicity of ethanol extract of seed from Mahoni. The Phytochemicals that analyzed were total phenolic, total flavonoid and condensed tannin. Toxicity test was assessed using BSLT method. Extraction was done by maseration method using ethanol as the solvent. In BSLT method, the shrimp larvae were placed in a series of test solution of varied concentration. The value of LC50 were obtained based on calculation of shrimp larvae lethality percentage using probit analysis. LC50 values of ethanol extract were 0,95 ppm.

Cordia myxa L. is empirically used as an antidiabetic medication. The aim of this study is to determine the in-vivo effect of Cordia myxa L. n-hexane fraction on reducing blood sugar levels and their relationship with the anti-free-radical activity assay using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl). The n-hexane fraction of Cordia myxa L. was used as a sample in the post-prandial assay which was analyzed using the ANOVA statistical test followed by Post-Hoc test. The results showed that there were significant in the extract using a 500 mg dose. In the anti-free-radical test using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl) at maximum wavelength of 516 nm, 16.49 µg /mL IC50 value was obtained. For comparison, Quercetin with IC50 0.13 µg/mL was used. This shows that the sample has strong anti-free radical inhibitory potential ranged from 10 µg/mL to 50 µg/mL. The data from the calculation showed that there is a correlation between its effect of lowering high blood sugar level and anti-free radical activity