Overall results indicate that quercetin might indirectly affect sperm quality through the stimulation of the sex organs, both at the cellular and organ levels, depending on the dose and the duration of treatment. Therefore, the use of quercetin as an alternative drug for treatment of male infertility should be considered.

Introduction: Tiliacora triandra (F. Menispermaceae) is edible and is also known for medicinal values. The leaves are a popular flavoring in Southeast Asia, especially in the northeast of Thailand. The objectives of this study were to determine the major constituents of the leaves of T. triandra, and assess their anticancer activities against human cancer cell lines. Methods: The leaves were extracted by a soxhlet apparatus with petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and water. Major constituents were then purified and identified using chromatographic procedures and various spectroscopic techniques. In vitro anticancer activity tests of T. triandra extracts were performed by resazurinmicroplate assay (REMA), and tested with 3 cell lines: oral cavity cancer (KB), lung cancer (NCI-H187) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. Results: The result indicated that the main compound of T. triandra leaves was oxoanolobine. The methanol extract showed the highest cytotoxic activity against lung cancer (NCI-H187) cell line whereas the water extract exhibited the highest activity against oral cavity cancer (KB) cell line. The IC 50 of oxoanolobine against the NCI-H187 cell line was 27.60 ± 4.30 µg/mL. Conclusion: T. triandra leaves contain oxoanolobine as the major constituent and have the potential of anticancer activity but are required to be investigated further.

Background: Once rats have been ovariectomized they have a high risk of cardiovascular disease due to changes in the blood cholesterol and lipid profile. Objective: To investigate the effects of Asparagus racemosus (AR) root extract on the serum lipid profiles, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant levels in ovariectomized rats. Methods: Twenty-five, two month-old female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: SH, OVX,OEE, OAAR and OEAR. The daily doses of 500 mg/KgBW of the AR root extracts for five weeks.The levels of serum TG, TC, HDL, LDL, the liver, kidney and uterine tissue lipid peroxidation and SOD levels were determined. Results: Serum TC and LDL showed no significant differences in any groups. Serum TG of the OAAR and OEAR groups were not significantly different. The serum HDL of the OAAR and OEAR groups were significantly lower than the OEE group. The liver MDA levels of the OAAR and OEAR groups were significantly decreased compared with the OVX and OEE groups while the SOD level of the OAAR group was significantly increased. The MDA levels in the kidney and uterine of the treated group showed no significant difference. The SOD levels in the kidney of the treated group were not different but the SOD levels in uterine were significantly decreased. Conclusion: It can be believed that the lipid profiles were maybe regulated via estrogen.The AR extract has low effects on the lipid profiles at this dose and duration of treatment. The capacity of the extracts to decrease the MDA level and increase the SOD level in this study clearly reflected the antioxidant efficiency of these substances. or sam-roi-rak. The extracts of the roots of AR have in the last few years been determined to have a phytoestrogenic effect and help with neurodegenerative disorders, in addition to effects on antidiarrheal, antidyspepsia, adaptogenic, cardioprotective, antibacterial, immunoadjuvant and antitussive.5 There are two major forms in which the root extracts of AR have been used (methanolic and aqueous extracts) as tablets, powders in tablets or a syrup form. 6 In addition, there have been reports of activities related to immunostimulant, antihepatotoxic or antioxytocic. 5 In laboratory animals, there have been recent reports the extracts of AR roots have antioxidant and antidiarrheal effects. [7][8] In rats, the lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde: MDA) decreased while there were increases in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and ascorbic acid by the methanolic root extracts.

No abstract

Asparagus racemosus (AR) wild., (Family: Liliaceae), commonly known as shatavari, satawar or satmuli, is found in all over India, and is commonly known in Thailand as sam-sib or rak-sam-sib. In Ayurveda, the dried root of AR is used as a tonic, galactogogue, aphrodisiac, rejuvenator, antispasmodic, antiulcerous and anti-inflammatory agent. Steroidal saponins and sapogeninsare the pharmacological value of the AR root. 1-2 Antioxytocic activities, antihepatotoxic, hepatopathy, dyspepsia and dysentery are the uses of the root of AR for treatment. 1 Recent reports on AR indicate that the root extracts show antioxidant and antidiarrheal activities in animal models. 3-4 Phytoanalysis of the AR root composition by Visavadiya et al. 5 found phytosterols 0.79%, saponins 8.83%, polyphenols 1.69%, flavonoids 0.47% and total ascorbic acid 0.76%. AR contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenols, terpenes, polysaccharides and steroids. 5 AR root extract was found to contain flavonoids, polyphenols and vitamin C, which were found to exhibit the greatest antioxidant activity. A phytoestrogenic effect of AR root extracts has recently been found as well as antidiarrhoeal, antidyspepsia, adaptogenic, cardioprotective, antibacterial, immune adjuvant and antitussive effects. The methanolic and aqueous extracts of AR roots have been produced in Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Asparagus racemosus Roots Background: Asparagus racemosus (AR) is commonly known as shatavari, satawar or satmuli in India and in Thailand it is call sam-sib or rak-sam-sib. The dried root of AR is used in Ayurveda as an antiulcerous and antiinflammatory and has medicinal/pharmacological value. Objective: To investigate the antioxidant activities of Asparagus racemosus root extracts via total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of ethanolic and aqueous extracts. Methods: Antioxidant capacity measurements were carried out by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the aluminum chloride colorimetric method, respectively. Results: The ethanolic extract possessed higher antioxidant capacities than the aqueous extract in the three antioxidant assays (p<0.05).These results have shown high phenolic and flavonoid contents. The ethanolic extract of AR root possessed higher amounts of phenolic and flavonoid contents than the aqueous extract. Conclusion: The antioxidant capacity of the ethanolic extract was higher than that in the aqueous extract. .