Lais Naiara Gonçalves dos Reis 2 RESUMOA partir do cenário atual observado no bioma Cerrado, de intensa utilização dos solos para a agropecuária e de problemas ambientais, este trabalho visou delimitar a regressão sofrida pelas áreas úmidas no Alto Curso da Bacia Hidrográfica do Uberabinha, Uberlândia (MG), nos anos de 1964 e 2009. Foram relacionadas às alterações sofridas pelo ambiente natural entre os dois períodos, trazendo estas questões ao debate dos impactos e conflitos provenientes das ações do Estado para a utilização dos solos do Cerrado. Para o mapeamento foi empregada a metodologia proposta por Novo (2008), utilizando fotografias aéreas de 1964 da USAF e imagens do satélite RapidEye de 2009. Os resultados apresentaram a redução das áreas úmidas em 38,08% (107,3 km²). Observa-se, portanto, que as áreas preservadas na bacia hidrográfica estudada, ainda representam cerca de 20%, por se tratarem de áreas úmidas, que mesmo com leis de proteção (APPs) sofrem pressão das monoculturas, principalmente nas áreas de contato agricultura-área úmida e muitas vezes continuam a ser drenadas em prol da expansão das áreas agrícolas, sendo necessária uma maior atenção dos órgãos de fiscalização. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:

Capítulo 4-Ecologia de Estradas e a susceptibilidade das rodovias ao atropelamento da fauna silvestre da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Araguari , Minas Gerais.

The present work aimed to carry out a rereading of the work entitled “Survey of urban afforestation and evaluation of the environmental perception of the inhabitants of the city of Itapuranga-GO”, carried out by Rosilane de Faria and Valéria de Sousa, in 2012. the same areas that were mapped in 2012 were compared and evaluated, focusing on two species commonly seen on city sidewalks: Syzygium malaccense and Licania tomentosa, known as Oiti and Jambota; as well as a survey of the number of existing individuals was carried out. In addition, the existence of patterns was verified in the houses where the cataloged trees were found, given the fact that economic disparity is a factor in the formation of unequal spaces. The specimens located were georeferenced using a GNSS navigation device, model GarminEtrex Vista, and photographed in field work. Subsequently, a database was created in the laboratory with basic information to identify the individual: geographic coordinates, sector, street name, species height, scientific and popular name. As a result, the relevance of some tree species for the purpose of urban afforestation is discussed, in the same way that others are classified as not recommended. During the field incursions, a total of 954 individuals were catalogued, unevenly and disproportionately divided among the four surveyed sectors, considering that the trees found in squares and other areas were not computed. Finally, it was concluded that, contrary to expectations, the areas with the most trees are not the newest areas with the highest purchasing power, but the oldest sectors of the city, with a lower income population.

The instrument called Parque Linear must be, a priori, understood as an important sustainable measure for the use and occupation of urban green areas, in the environmental, social, economic and cultural spheres. These areas, within the Brazilian jurisdiction, are considered by the environmental legislation as Areas of Permanent Preservation (APP), that is, there are a series of prohibitions of constructions and so on. But they are characterized as residual spaces of the remaining natural landscape (when existing) and are, for the most part, invaded and degraded by the urbanization model adopted until today. Due to these problems, many cities in the world and in Brazil have sought to insert this type of park as a measure to mitigate the degraded state in which water courses in urban areas are found, with the aim of improving the quality of life of the population. Thus, this work aims to discuss and demonstrate the relevance of this theme, based on the proposition of Parque Linear in the urban area of Itapuranga, Goiás (Brazil), in the light of the movement for the construction of Healthy Cities, which aims to improve the quality of urban life. As a methodology, bibliographical research, cartographic production, field visit and dialogue with city residents were carried out. The results showed the possibility of installing a linear park adjacent to the GO-230 highway, which cuts through the urban area of the city (urbanized highway), taking advantage of the green areas already present in the stretch, which surround the Tamborim river. In addition, they provided demonstration of the importance of installing this type of instrument to promote the quality of urban life.

This article analyzes the social and environmental impacts resulting from urban occupation in a Permanent Protection Area (APP), located the Parque Alvorada, in Itapuranga (Goiás - Brasil). The methodological procedures adopted were: literature review, documentary research on legislation and technical diagnoses, and exploratory field research in the study area. The analysis of the collected data in the area was based on a macroscopic evaluation of the characteristics and environmental liabilities found in the area, based on the Environmental Impact Index of Springs (IIAN). For the spatialization of the area, geoprocessing techniques were used in a Geographic Information System (GIS) of QGIS software. As a result, it was found that the native vegetation in this area gave way to residential use and the irregular practice of intubating the spring and channeling the stream. Without a micro-drainage system, the houses around the area present humidity, infiltration and are susceptible to flooding during the rainy season. Irregular solid waste disposal, release of “grey water” into the stream and the lack of a sewage collection network can compromise the quality of the impounded water in the lake. There is a need to revise the municipal master plan, as well as the development of a management plan for the area, characterized as an urban park. Este artículo analiza los impactos socioambientales resultantes de la ocupación urbana en un Área de Protección Permanente (APP), ubicada en el barrio Parque Alvorada, en Itapuranga (Goiás - Brasil). Los procedimientos metodológicos adoptados fueron: revisión bibliográfica, investigación documental en legislación y diagnósticos técnicos, y investigación de campo en la área de estudio. El análisis de los datos recolectados in loco se basó en la evaluación macroscópica de las características y pasivos ambientales existentes en el área, con base en el Índice de Impacto Ambiental de Manantiales (IIAN). Para la espacialización del área se usaron tecnicas de geoprocesamiento en ambiente de Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG) del software QGIS. Se encontró que la vegetación nativa de esta zona dio paso al uso residencial y la práctica irregular de entubar el manantial para canalizar el arroyo. Sin un sistema de microdrenaje, las casas aledañas tienen humedad, infiltración y son susceptibles a inundaciones en época de lluvias. Descartes irregular de residuos sólidos, lanzamiento de “aguas grises” al arroyo y la falta de una red de desagüe pueden comprometer la calidad del agua represada en el lago. Es necesario revisar el plan maestro municipal y desarrollar un plan de manejo para el área, caracterizada como un parque urbano.