Summary Wireless network with high data rate applications has seen a rapid growth in recent years. This improved quality of service (QoS) leads to huge energy consumption in wireless network. Therefore, in order to have an energy‐efficient resource allocation in cellular system, a device‐to‐device (D2D) communication is the key component to improve the QoS. In this paper, we propose a noncooperative game (NCG) theory approach for resource allocation to improve energy efficiency (EE) of D2D pair. A three‐tier network with macrocell base station (MBS), femtocell base station (FBS), and D2D pair is considered, which shares the uplink resource block. A resource allocation strategy with constraints is arrived, which maintains minimum throughput for each user in the network. The proposed resource allocation strategy optimizes the EE of D2D pair in the three‐tier network, which achieves Nash equilibrium (NE) and Pareto optimality (PO). Simulation results validate that EE is uniform and optimum for all D2D pair, which converges to NE when channel is static and it converges to PO when the channel is dynamic.

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Abstract. Mobile WiMax uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) in uplink where synchronization is a complex task as each user presents a different carrier frequency offset (CFO). In the Data Aided Phase Incremental Technique (DA-PIT) estimation is performed after FFT operation to use the received frequency domain pilot subcarrier information. As estimation is done in the presence of noise, there exists some offset error, which is called residual frequency offset (RFO). The Simple Time Domain Multi User Interference Cancellation scheme (SI-MUIC) is a time domain approach which takes a longer time delay to compensate the CFO effect for the last user. Decorrelation-Successive Interference Cancellation (DC-SC) and Integrated Estimation and Compensation (IEC) are frequency domain approaches that compensate the CFO effect with a more complex method for ICI cancellation. The Modified Integrated Estimation and Compensation technique (Modified IEC) is proposed for better residual CFO compensation. The proposed technique has better performance due to its efficient suppression of ICI and MUI. The difference between the CFOs of two OFDMA symbols lies within the range of RFO that is not considered in the conventional compensation techniques, such as the SI-MUIC, DC-SC and IEC compensation techniques.