AbstrakPengembangan usaha tani kentang di Kabupaten Karo dan Kabupaten Simalungun Sumatera Utara sangat dibatasi oleh tingginya serangan hama sehingga penggunaan pestisida mutlak dibutuhkan. Peningkatan dosis Kalium dan penggunaan pestisida nabati merupakan suatu strategi untuk mengurangi serangan hama pada kentang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah peningkatan dosis Kalium dan aplikasi beberapa pestisida nabati dapat menurunkan persentase serangan hama pada tanaman dan meningkatkan produksi kentang. Penelitian dirancang dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) factorial dengan 2 faktor yaitu Dosis Kalium yang terdiri dari 4 taraf : K0 = Kontrol ; K1= 100 kg/ha (30 g/plot) ; K2= 150 kg/ha (45 g/plot) ; K3 = 200 kg/ha (60 g/plot). Dan Faktor kedua adalah jenis pestisida nabati yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu : N 1 =20 g/liter air Ekstrak Daun Mimba ; N 2 = 20 g/liter air Ekstrak Daun Babadotan ; N 3 =20 g/liter air Ekstrak Daun Kipahit. Data dianalisis dengan sidik ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan dosis Kalium tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase serangan hama dan peubah produksi tanaman. Jenis pestisida nabati berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase serangan hama, akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap peubah produksi tanaman. Persentase serangan hama paling rendah diperoleh pada aplikasi pestisida nabati ekstrak daun babadotan. Secara umum persentase serangan hama termasuh kategori sangat ringan (<25%). Kata kunci : pestisida nabati, hama, kentang. AbstractPotato production in Karo and Simalungun Regency of North Sumatra is severely limited by the high number of pest attacks, so that the use of pesticides is absolutely necessary. Increasing potassium doses and application botanical pesticides can be used as a strategy to reduce pest attacks on potatoes. This study aims to determine whether an increase in potassium dose and application of some botanical pesticides can reduce the percentage of pest attacks and then increasing potato production. Research was designed by factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors, namely Potassium Dosage consist of 4 levels: K0 = Control; K1 = 100 kg / ha (30 g / plot); K2 = 150 kg / ha (45 g / plot); K3 = 200 kg / ha (60 g / plot). And the second factor is the type of botanical pesticide which consist of 3 levels, namely: N1 = 20 g Neem leaves/ liter of water; N2 = 20 g babadotan leaves/ liter of water; N3 = 20 g Kipahit leaves/ liter of water. Data were analyzed by analyzed of variance. The results showed that an increase in potassium dosage did not significantly affect the percentage of pest attacks and plant production variables. Botanical pesticides have a significant effect on the percentage of pest attacks, but have not significant effect on crop production variables. The lowest percentage of pest attacks was obtained from the application of botanical pesticides from babadotan leaf extract. In general, the percentage of pest attacks in the category was very low (<25%), so that not significantly affect to production variab...

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The development of industrial area in Medan City, North Sumatera impact for the increasing soil polluted by heavy metal at the area. Phytoremediation is an emerging technology for cleaning up contaminated sites, which is inovatif, cost effective, safety and has aesthetic advantages and long term applicability. The important aspect to be noted was the plant should not be used for consumption crops. The goal of our research was to develop the phytoremediation technology by testing different ornamental plant planting under different concentration contaminated soil. So that the plant can use as a phytoremediator agent to recover the land condition at Medan Industrial Area. The experiments included eight ornamental crops such as: Sanseviera trifasciata, Dracaena fragrans, Diffenbachia sp., Phylodendron hederaceam, Agave sp.Codiatum variegatum, :Anthurium crystallium and Chrysalidocarpus lutescens The parameters are biomass production and heavy metal uptake by plant. The result showed that the greatest increase in biomass production contained in Diffenbachia sp. followed by Codiatum variegatum, Chrysalidocarpus lutescens, Sanseviera trifasciata and Dracaena fragrans respectively. Uptake heavy metal is higher at Codiatum variegatum (291 mg/kg) followed by Diffenbachia sp. (246 mg/kg), Chrysalidocarpus lutescens (185 mg/kg), Sanseviera trifasciata (162 mg/kg) and Dracaena fragrans (102 mg/kg).

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Abstrak   Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Jl. Anggrek Raya, Kelurahan Simpang Selayang, Kecamatan Medan Tuntungan, Medan, dengan ketinggian tempat ± 30 meter dpl. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Desember 2018 sampai Maret 2019.Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Faktor pertama yaitu perlakuan aplikasi jenis pestisida nabati terdiri dari N0 = kontrol, N1 = daun mimba, N2 = batang serai, N3 = rimpang kunyit. Faktor kedua yaitu perlakuan aplikasi berbagai konsentrasi pestisida nabati terdiri dari B1 = 150 gr/liter air, B2 = 200 gr/liter air, B3 = 250 gr/liter air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi jenis pestisida nabati berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap bobot tongkol dengan kelobot per tanaman, bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot, produksi jagung perpetak lahan, indeks kemanisan jagung manis serta jumlah dan jenis tiap hama. Aplikasi berbagai konsentrasi pestisida nabati berpengaruh nyata terhadap terhadap persentase serangan hama, tetapi berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap bobot tongkol dengan kelobot per tanaman, bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot, produksi jagung perpetak lahan, indeks kemanisan jagung manis. Interaksi antara perlakuan jenis pestisida dengan berbagai konsentrasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase serangan hama, tetapi berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap bobot tongkol dengan kelobot per tanaman, bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot, produksi jagung perpetak lahan dan indeks kemanisan jagung manis.   Kata kunci :Pestisida Nabati, Serangan Hama, Jagung