No abstract

China bears a heavy burden of AD costs, which greatly change the estimates of AD cost worldwide.

A notably higher prevalence of dementia and AD was found in rural areas than in urban ones, and education might be an important reason for the urban-rural differences.

Introduction Neuronal‐derived exosomal Aβ42, T‐tau, and P‐T181‐tau have been demonstrated to be biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, no study has assessed the association of Aβ42, T‐tau, and P‐T181‐tau between exosomes and CSF. Methods This was a multicenter study with two‐stage design. The subjects included 28 AD patients, 25 aMCI patients, and 29 controls in the discovery stage; the results of which were confirmed in the validation stage (73 AD, 71 aMCI, and 72 controls). Results The exosomal concentrations of Aβ42, T‐tau, and P‐T181‐tau in AD group were higher than those in aMCI and control groups (all P < .001). The level of each exosomal biomarker was highly correlated with that in CSF. Discussion This study verified the agreement between CSF and blood exosomal biomarkers and confirmed that exosomal Aβ42, T‐tau, and P‐T181‐tau have the same capacity as those in CSF for the diagnosis of AD and aMCI.

The prevalence of MCI in elderly Chinese is higher in rural than in urban areas. Vascular-related MCI (MCI-CVD and MCI-VRF) was most common.