In the Eastern Amazon is the largest continuous coconut crop area in the world. This region is known for its high precipitation levels and an ecosystem of extensive insect biodiversity. It is important to know the local entomofauna and to know whether there is a balance between the different insect groups. This study aimed to understand the influence of seasonality on the dynamics of edaphic insect families, comparing the environment as a whole and in different commercial coconut crop areas and riparian forests in the Eastern Amazon. Forty pitfall traps were installed in the ground at an average distance of 1 m from the coconut stipe. They were filled with 200 ml of an aqueous solution of liquid neutral soap and 70% alcohol. Traps were installed in eight areas: an area of riparian forest (A1) and seven in commercial coconut crop areas (A2 to A8), in the Amazon dry and rainy season. The similarity between the insects was measured using Euclidean distance. The abundance of families in each collection area used qualitative similarity. For family dominance, quantitative similarity was used. Diversity analyses were performed to justify the similarities of the clusters through the Shannon and Simpson Indices. In total, 252,313 individuals, 118 families, and 9 orders were collected. There were many Formicidae in both climatic periods because it is a social insect and has edaphic habits. The families with the most individuals in the collections were Drosophilidae, Staphylinidae, Bostrichidae, Phoridae, Nitidulidae, Scolytidae, Tenebrionidae, Scarabaeidae, Ceratopogomidae, and Platyogastridae. The riparian forest area (A1) showed the greatest diversity and least dominance. The oldest cultivated areas A2 and A3 (7 years) showed the greatest diversity in the dry season. In the rainy season, the most diversified areas were those with the highest land slope (A6 and A7). The most dominant areas were A5 and A8, where the largest number of Solenopsis spp. were found. This study showed the importance of obtaining basic information about coconut entomofauna and conducting research on insect dynamics in agricultural crops in the Amazon region.

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As mudas do coqueiro podem ser atacadas por várias espécies de insetos, especialmente no viveiro por lagartas desfolhadoras como Opsiphanes invirae, que reduzem o crescimento e aumentam os custos de produção. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos causados pelo desfolhamento artifical, através dos parâmetros morfofisiológicos em mudas do coqueiro em simulação ao ataque das lagartas de O. invirae. Foram avaliados dois materiais genéticos: Híbrido PB121 e anão verde do Brasil em quatro níveis de desfolha: T0 (tratamento controle), sem desfolhamento; T30 (30% de desfolha); T60 (60% de desfolha) e T90 (90% de desfolha). Foram medidos taxa de assimilação líquida de CO2 (A), condutância estomática (gs), taxa de transpiração (E) e relação carbono intercelular e carbono atmosférico (Ci/Ca), além de área foliar, altura, diâmetro do coleto, massa seca e índice de robustez. Os resultados demonstraram que mudas do coqueiro anão verde do Brasil apresentaram maiores médias para gs, E e Ci/Ca. O tratamento T90 apresentou redução de 17,56% na taxa de assimilação líquida de CO2 (A) comparado ao T0. Por outro lado, o material genético híbrido PB121 apresentou as maiores médias para área foliar, altura, diâmetro do coleto e matéria seca da parte aérea. Não houve interação significativa entre os materiais genéticos e níveis de desfolha (MGxD). Mudas do híbrido PB121 com 30% de desfolha (T30) foram capazes recuperar a área foliar perdida, igualando-se ao tratamento controle (T0). Esse nível de desfolhamento equivale ao consumo de 3 lagartas desfolhadoras/planta, sendo o indicativo biológico para tomadas de decisão de controle no viveiro.

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